What does the distribution center at the place of delivery mean. SF Express AM tracking in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus in Russian. Parcel statuses when sending

Tracking postal parcels sent by Aliexpress sellers from China is not a very interesting thing. And above all, the lack of interest is explained by the incomprehensibility of the status of international shipments.

Let's figure out what is meant by incomprehensible inscriptions on sites for tracking IGO tracking codes (international mail).

Parcel information received

AliExpress sellers often register packages using electronic service. Therefore, receiving a tracking code in the order card does not indicate that the shipment is already with the postal carrier.

If the parcel has not yet arrived at the branch of the logistics company, but at the same time it has already been registered by the sender in in electronic format, the status when tracking it will say that “Information received” about it. Sometimes it can take up to 7 days from the moment the parcel is registered to its actual arrival at the post office in China.

You can find information about tracking numbers on our website.

Parcel accepted

Another option: Accept.

As soon as the seller or courier delivers the parcel to the logistics service, fills in all required documents, including the customs declaration, the status of the departure is changed to "Acceptance". In additional information, you can find out about the time and place of reception in the country of the sender.

Left the pickup point

So, everything is fine - the departure began its long journey to Russia.

On my way

Shipments are periodically registered at intermediate points - sorting centers. In such postal nodes, parcels can be reloaded from one mode of transport to another; in general, they are distributed along the optimal trunk routes. At such “control” points, the recipient can receive data that his order is still moving in the direction of Russia.

Arrival at MMPO

In MMPO (places of international postal exchange) shipments pass customs procedures, inspection and registration, they are prepared for export from the country of origin. It is here that the formation of the dispatch (mail items grouped into boxes or large bags) intended for the MMPO of the recipient's country takes place.

Export

The "Export" status is assigned to shipments that have already been handed over to the carrier for delivery to the country of destination. When sending goods from China, this status usually does not change for a long time when tracking orders. This is explained simply: for international shipments from China or Singapore, it is required to fill with mail aircraft with a carrying capacity of 50 to 100 tons.

There are other reasons for delays, such as transit routes for flights, which imply the presence of one or more waypoints during the flight. In each of them there will be delays in unloading / loading parcels.

During the Export process, the package will not be tracked.

It is believed that the export takes 1-2 weeks, but it happens that the procedure takes up to 2 months. Although there is a recommendation, when delaying this process, apply for a search for a parcel. In the case of an order with Aliexpress, you need to ask the seller to deal with the situation. You will either receive a refund or extend the Buyer Protection Period in order to still find the lost items.

Import

This status appears only when the shipment is registered by the postal operator at the MMPO in the country of destination, that is, at the place of international mail exchange already on the territory of Russia.

Boxes (bags) with many parcels from the transit section of the aviation department are sent to MMPO. About a day after arriving at the center, the containers are opened and all shipments are registered, which is displayed on sites to track tracking codes. By the way, international parcels that arrived in Russia are already expected in the centers - information about them is received before arrival from the country of departure.

There are MMPOs in Moscow, Vladivostok, Orenburg, St. Petersburg, Bryansk, Kaliningrad, Samara, Petrozavodsk and other cities. The choice of the city where the parcel will arrive depends on which flight was the best to send it from China, as well as on the degree of MMPO workload.

Sometimes it seems more logical to send a parcel to Moscow for a Moscow recipient, but it is sent to Bryansk, and then land transport transported to the destination city. And, perhaps, the order will reach the addressee faster, due to the periodically low throughput Moscow center.

Handed over to customs

After registration with the MMPO, the parcels are transferred for clearance to the Federal Customs Service. Then they go through customs transit, which means they are packaged by type and transferred to a specific site. All shipments pass through an X-ray machine, where the operator views their contents. By the way, dogs also work at customs - they sniff every parcel for drugs or spice.

If at least some suspicion arises, the parcels are opened by the operator in the presence of a responsible person - an employee customs service. Reasons for opening:

• presence (although it is not clear how an X-ray can be used to detect that the package contains counterfeit products);
• the assumption that there are goods for commercial use (for example, a batch of nail polishes);
• suspicion that prohibited goods are being shipped (weapons, drugs, chemicals, plant seeds, etc.).

If the parcel has been opened, then an inspection certificate will be attached to it. Two operators work with one customs officer. Customs performs its functions around the clock.

Detained by customs

One of the most annoying statuses.

Real people work at customs, not robots, so they carefully look at the information about the goods being sent. The low cost of the MPO assessment, if there is a smartphone inside, will immediately lead to suspicions that the seller is trying to deceive customs. The same thing, if there is simply no information about the departure, such packages at customs are often opened.

Customs officers know how to use the Internet, so they can manually check the real value of the goods, perhaps using the information on the IGO, in which store it was bought.

Another very important point: it is checked whether purchases by the same person have been exceeded, set at 1000 euros so far. The weight limit of the goods is also taken into account, it should not exceed 31 kg. If the limits are exceeded, then a customs receipt order is attached to the parcel for payment of 30% of the value of the goods. You can receive a shipment at the Russian Post only after paying the customs fee.

All of the above explains why goods periodically hang up at customs: FCS employees need time to unpack suspicious IGOs, check the real value and other procedures.

Issued by customs

After checking by the customs service, the items are sent to the Russian Post for further forwarding to the recipient. Where exactly the IGO is located at the moment can be found from the post office index, which is written next to the next departure status.

From the moment of transfer to the postal service, it is possible to roughly calculate the time of arrival of the order, taking into account the average delivery time of items across the territory of Russia.

Arrived at the sorting center

Traveling across Russia, parcels pass through numerous sorting centers, where the optimal trunk routes are determined. Numerous shipments are sorted and sealed in large boxes in order to prevent damage and loss.

MPO forwarding speed across the territory Russian Federation due to many factors, including:

• travel by land or air;
• frequency of flights towards the city of destination;
• the degree of loading of mail planes (if the loading limit is exceeded, then the departure is waiting for the next flight);
• other.

There may be more than one sorting center along the route. After the IGO is registered at the regional sorting center, you can already calmly wait for the parcel for 1-2 days. And it is not necessary to wait for a notification in the mailbox. By presenting documents and a tracking number at the post office, you can ask to check whether the shipment has arrived. In any case, there are slight delays on tracking sites, due, among other things, to the fact that local postal operators may delay the registration of newly arrived mail to the branch.

Sending

Sometimes parcels are sent to the sorting centers “in the wrong direction”. Another option is that the Aliexpress seller confuses something when writing the recipient's address. The wrong index influences the most, and the name of the city, region, and last name of the addressee do not have much influence.

After the receipt of the IGO at the wrong address, post office operators draw up a "Loading" coupon and send mail to the addressee. This is not terrible, but it greatly lengthens the travel time of departures.

Came to the place of delivery

After the employees of the local post office register the IGO, they write out a notice that the postman will take to the mailbox to the addressee. The presence of this notice speeds up the process of receiving the parcel.

If there is no notice (for example, the recipient did not wait for the postman, seeing the status change on the tracking site), then the post office operator will print it again. You need to have documents and a tracking code with you.

Parcel delivered

Another option: "Handing to the addressee."

The parcel was issued to the recipient at the post office indicated in the status.

You can track parcels either on or in, which is installed in the browser. Use a convenient tool that allows you to control the movement of your orders from the moment they are shipped from China to the moment they are received.

SF-Express - large Chinese postal company in Shenzhen, is in 2nd place after China Post in terms of shipments. SF-Express was established in 1993 in Shunde, China. SF Express owns a fleet of 31 cargo aircraft, of which 13 are owned by a subsidiary of SF Airlines. In addition, the company has 10,500 branches in China alone and more than 260 offices worldwide.

With the help of SF Express AM, parcels are sent most often from Joom, Pandao, AliExpress. Chinese sellers use the SF Express delivery service to deliver light-weight goods to Russia and specified countries, which are sent in small packages (weighing up to 2 kg). They can be both registered (with a track number) and unregistered.

The service sector of SF Express includes such countries as: Russia, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, the Baltic countries, as well as Sweden, Finland and Norway.

SFE Express AM tracking is the name of SF-Express's Air Mail shipping method. SF-Express AM Joom is the most popular delivery service from the Chinese store Joom.

SF-Express shipments have a track number of 12 digits, also recently, shipments with numbers like UL070350581EE, PBAE590221844, RA423372156FI, RS024263390EE are tracked through SF-Express

Tracking SF eParcel Registered in Russia and Belarus

SF eParcel Registered can be tracked all the way, from the warehouse in China to your post office.

SF Express tracking in Russia works on our service, where the names of all statuses and destinations are presented in Russian. You can also find out the approximate dates of delivery to your branch based on the statistics of previously delivered SF Express parcels.

Tracking numbers are always 12 digits long and look like this: 030002979411, 460462684604, 959634273304, 994566062183 .

Until December 2017, the site from SF-Express worked, where for registered shipments a new track code was shown in the international format RA482790357FI or UK007210499EE. Since December 2017, the site has stopped working and now it is impossible to find out the tracking number that will work in Russia or Belarus. It remains only to wait for the notification from the mail.

Tracking registered SF-Express parcels will also work on the territory of the destination country, but you won’t be able to receive the parcel at the branch using the SF-Express track code.

SF Express tracking in Ukraine

After arriving on the territory of Ukraine, the parcels are transferred to the NovaPoshta company. You can track the further movement of the parcel both on our service and on the official website of NovaPoshta.

SF eParcel Non Registered Tracking

SF eParcel unregistered small package is the most economical delivery method, including partial tracking of the parcel, within China only. The final tracking point is the Russian sorting center (the last tracking status indicates that the package has arrived in Moscow).

Further, the shipment is transferred for delivery to the Russian Post without further tracking. After arriving at Postal office, the recipient will be notified of the need to receive a small package.

Remember that Russian Post employees will not be able to find or issue you a shipment using the SF-Express tracking number. The number of departures by which you can find the parcel will be known only after you have been issued and delivered a postal notice.

SF Economic Air Mail tracking

Faced with the delivery of SF Economic Air Mail, you probably had a question, what kind of delivery to Aliexpress? How to track a parcel of SF Economic Air Mail from Aliexpress using a track number?

SF Economic Air Mail is a popular shipping method for orders from the Aliexpress marketplace used by sellers to ship low-priced items. Logistics and delivery is handled by the largest international transport company SF Express.

Data on the movement of a postal item can be obtained using our mail tracker, which collects information from the official SF-Express website, and from the Russian Post website.

Delivery of postal items to the country of destination most often occurs without delay. In Russia, S.F. Express are delivered by Russian Post, in Ukraine - by UkrPoshta, in Belarus - by BelPost.

Where to receive SF Express parcels

Let's figure out where to get SF Express. Registered and non-registered SF Express shipments are delivered to your Russian Post office. After the parcel arrives at the Post Office, you will receive a notification in the mailbox where the parcel can be received.

If several weeks or even months have passed after receiving the status of the arrival of the parcel to the territory of Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, and the parcel has not been received, you need to contact the seller in the store where you bought the goods for a refund.

Contacting SF Express will not help in any way, since the delivery of the parcel across the territory of Russia is carried out by the Russian Post, which, in turn, will not be able to help with the search for an unregistered item.

SF Express is not tracked for a long time

Tracking most SF-Express parcels after arriving in Russia gets stuck with the status "Arrived at the destination country" or "Arrived at the destination country". Let's figure out what this status means and how the package is delivered further to your post office.

SF-Express delivers the parcel from China to the distribution center in Finland, Latvia or Estonia, where it transfers the parcel to Finnish Post, Latvian Post or Estonian Post respectively. At the same time, the track number of the parcel changes to a new one, of the international format R..FI, R..EE, but there is no way to find out the new number.

These postal services deliver the parcel to Russia, where the parcel is transferred to the Russian Post, goes through the import procedure, customs and goes to your post office.

Tracking for unregistered SF-Express parcels does not work, and therefore the last status of the parcel remains "Arrived in destination country" . You need to be patient, monitor the order protection time and wait for notification from the mail.

Do not waste your time trying to find a parcel at the post office using the 12-digit track number SF Express AM, the Russian Post can only find the parcel by the international departure number, which is not known before receiving the notification. By last name, among hundreds of parcels, no one at the Post Office will look and is not obliged.

SF E-Parcel+ shipments

Along with full package tracking from seller to buyer, SF eParcel+ provides SMS delivery notification and change of delivery time upon request from buyers or sellers

What is the city of Shilin Meng, Xilingol Meng?

Often when tracking SF-Express from Joom, Pandao, and Ali, you can see the status "Parcel arrived at Shilin Meng Distribution Center", also known as Xilingol Meng. This is the name of the sorting center in the SF-Express logistics network, located in Shilin Gol, Inner Mongolia, China.

What does it mean Parcel has arrived at Shilin Meng Distribution Center?

This means your shipment is in the sorting center, where it is scanned, queued for dispatch along with other parcels bound for your country. This status is most often seen when tracking an order in Joom or Pandao.

Contacts SF Express in Russia

If you have a question regarding SF-Express registered mail tracking, please call hotline: +8（800）505-63-18. Additional information can be found on the official website www.sf-express.com.

history of the company

Wang, the son of a Russian interpreter for the Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force, saw an opportunity early on in trade across China's border with Hong Kong, shortly after former top leader Deng Xiaoping made his famous visit to Shenzhen and set the country on the path to economic reform. Although Wang's family immigrated to Hong Kong when he was a child, he later returned to China to set up a business, first in small town Guangdong province and then to Shenzhen.

"When S.F. started delivering packages in the 1990s, it was an illegal business called "black delivery," Wang said in a 2011 official interview with People's Daily, the only interview he is known to have provided. In accordance with the rules, we will be fined if postal officers find out about our transactions, so we had to covertly process shipments.

SF Express was founded in 1993, providing services between Hong Kong and Guangdong.

In January 2010, SF Airlines began scheduled cargo operations with 41 aircraft to provide services such as one-day and next-morning delivery.

SF Express has opened at least 500 Heike (Chinese: 嘿客) stores in all Chinese provinces - excluding Tibet and Qinghai. In 2014, the company planned to open 4,000 Heike stores across the country.

A distribution center is a warehouse that receives goods from manufacturing companies or from wholesale suppliers through any distribution network. Then from here the goods go to other storage firms.

The distribution center performs the following functions: repacking, packaging, stickering, customs clearance, cargo certification.

Location of distribution centers

There are three main strategies for locating distribution complexes:

• near the sales market;
• close to production
• intermediate location between the market and the enterprise.

The structure of these warehouses and their location significantly affect the costs that arise during the delivery of goods to the customer, and, accordingly, the final price of the product being sold.

When choosing the location of distribution centers, you need to pay attention to such important factors as:

• transportation cost;
• the price of warehouse processing of goods;
• their content;
• registration of orders and formation of a management system;
• customer service level.

The best shopping and distribution centers are those that will provide high quality services to consumers at the lowest possible cost.

Sometimes retail chains or some large chain stores do without distribution centers, relying on supplies directly from distributors.

But in the event of interruptions in the provision of products, the normal functioning of the enterprise is jeopardized. However, in the presence of such systems, the control of suppliers is more effective, and the correct delivery of goods to the store shelves is also ensured.

In addition, a big plus of distribution centers is the fact that contracts for the receipt of products can be concluded directly with the manufacturer, without the participation of intermediaries. This will avoid markups, overpayments, and will also provide an opportunity to receive large wholesale discounts.

Role of distribution centers

As it turned out, about 30% of all agricultural products produced in the Russian Federation deteriorate before reaching the buyer. The main reason for this is that the existing vegetable stores and warehouses have long been outdated. The creation of new premises for the storage of products will help to solve this situation.

Modern logistics distribution centers provide a guarantee of proper storage of goods due to the availability of relevant regulatory documents.

These warehouses collect different products. And when suppliers fail to provide goods, the distribution center is the so-called buffer, which insures the volume of production stock, increasing its supply.

A variety of technological activities and processes take place at these complexes:

• acceptance of goods to the warehouse;
• placement and replenishment of selection zones;
• order picking for retail chains;
• their shipment.

Secondary processes include inventory of the warehouse, work with marriages and defects, returns and other services.

Distribution centers benefit not only large manufacturers, but also newcomers. Such complexes consist of many structural parts: international certification and laboratory control zones, storage rooms, including freezers.

The centers also have transport companies transporting goods, customs, free trade zone, consulting and review departments, banks and the like. Due to the existence of such large areas to store products, significant food losses can be avoided.

Examples of distribution centers in the world and Russia

Due to their unique properties and functions, wholesale distribution centers are very popular in many countries around the world.

The most famous of them:

• "Kverneland Group";
• Mercasa;
• "Walmart";
• "ALDI";
• X5 Retail Group.

There are also quite a lot of such complexes in the Russian Federation. For example, "Dixie", "Ermak", "Four Seasons" and so on.

Notable Moscow distribution centers:"Magnet", "OK", "Pyaterochka", "X5". Basically, these are warehouses of large stores and hypermarkets.

In addition, the state is actively forming large interregional distribution centers, which, according to experts, by 2020 there should be about 10-15 pieces. In the near future, the construction of warehouses in Nizhny Novgorod, St. Petersburg, Tyumen, Rostov, the Moscow region and the Crimea will begin.

Distribution centers work and cooperate with networkers, farmers, restaurateurs and end users. They are trading platform, commodity exchange, which produces the average cost of production. Such warehouses will improve the competitiveness of products not only in the domestic, but also in the world market. As a result, manufacturers receive a decent payment for their product, and the final price of the product remains affordable.

Distribution centers in Russia today perform the following tasks:

• storage of commodity stocks;


• preservation of their quality;


• improving the functionality of production;


• increasing the competent use of the territory of the premises;


• reduction of transportation costs;


• creation of new jobs;


• effective sales organization;


• timely and regular delivery of goods to the consumer.

Representatives of distribution centers at the exhibition

"Prodexpo" is an international exhibition food products, which takes place annually on the territory of the Expocentre Fairgrounds. This exposure is important event in the food and beverage industry. For more than 20 years, the event has determined the vector of development of the domestic food industry and economy.

"Prodexpo" promotes high-quality products to the national market, thereby contributing to the implementation of government projects aimed at improving the quality of life of Russian consumers.

The exhibition is, in fact, a distribution center where various products are provided in bulk. Here you can buy goods for offices, shops or other businesses.

The pavilion of the Expocentre Fairgrounds is divided into many salons:

• meat and meat products;
• dairy products and cheeses;
• groceries, spices and pasta;
• vegetable fats;
• semi-finished products and frozen products;
• confectionery, nuts and dried fruits;
• Coffee and tea;
• Fish and seafood;
• preserves and sauces;
• gastronomy and products for restaurants;
• trading houses;
• wholesale distribution centers;
• alcohol;
• glass containers;
• beverage production;
• packaging solutions;
• equipment and services;
• expositions of Russian regions;
• foreign national exhibitions;
• delicacies;
• EcoBioSalon;
• honey and bee products;
• pet food.

Distribution centers featured on "Prodexpo", offer to purchase products in bulk directly from the manufacturer. The exhibition is annually attended not only by domestic suppliers, but also by manufacturing companies from other countries of the world.

An even larger contingent of participants is expected every year. Numerous products will be presented by such countries as France, Spain, Austria, Italy and so on. However, the most extensive is the Russian exposition. Leading companies will demonstrate the results of the domestic food industry.

During the exhibition "Prodexpo" exhibitors and visitors will have the opportunity to get acquainted with new samples of products of well-known trademarks, as well as learn more about newcomers to the international food market.

Also here you can find a supplier or customer, conclude successful contracts, start fruitful cooperation, get comprehensive information about different manufacturers, and also learn a lot of new information about the latest technologies and inventions.

The business program of the exposition includes a variety of useful discussions, seminars, presentations and conferences. Master classes, round tables, study tours, competitions and so on will also be held.

The products presented at this food exhibition have all quality certificates, and the excellent characteristics of the products are proven by laboratory analysis.

"Prodexpo" is a warehouse complex where first-class food and beverages are presented in bulk from manufacturing companies from around the world. Here, everyone has the opportunity to purchase products directly from the supplier, and be sure of their high quality.

Read our other articles:

In order not to be mistaken in the estimated delivery time of the parcel, you should know what this or that status means. On this page, we will consider in detail all possible statuses so that you do not experience difficulties in determining the location of the package.

Postal statuses when tracking shipments from abroad

Reception.

This status implies that the sender has completed all required forms, including Form CN22 or CN23 ( customs declaration), and the parcel is accepted by the postal employee or courier service. Simultaneously with the receipt of the shipment, an identification number is assigned, according to which tracking takes place in the future.

Arrival at MMPO.

MMPO is a place of international mail exchange. On the this stage the package is going through customs control and registration. After that, the service employees prepare a grouped international shipment.

Export.

One of the longest periods in the delivery of postal items. This is due to the fact that it is unprofitable to send a partially loaded aircraft, so you have to wait until a sufficient number of parcels are sent to one country.

In addition, to optimize logistics processes, shipments can be delivered in transit through other countries, and this also delays delivery time.

It is impossible to name the exact duration of the parcel's stay in export. But on average, it ranges from two weeks to one and a half months. Moreover, on the eve of the holidays, this period may further increase. But if more than two months have passed since the receipt of the "Export" status, and there are no changes, you should contact postal service, performing the delivery, with a statement on the search for the shipment.

Import.

This status is assigned to a shipment in the Russian AOPP (Aviation Post Office), where it arrives from the aircraft. Here, according to the service regulations, parcels are weighed, the integrity of the package is checked, a barcode is scanned to find out the place of departure, the flight number is fixed, and it is determined to which MMPO the parcel should be sent. Length of stay international departure in AOPP depends on the degree of workload of the department and its employees, but on average it is 1-2 days.

handed over to customs.

After sorting, the parcels are sent for customs inspection, where they pass through an X-ray scanner. In the event that customs officials have suspicions about the illegal transportation of prohibited substances or items, the shipment is opened and examined in the presence of an inspector and a responsible operator. After that (if the fact of transportation of prohibited goods was not confirmed), the parcel is packed again, an inspection report is attached and sent along the route.

Delayed by customs.

This status is optional. It is assigned to a shipment only in cases where customs officers detect a weight exceeding the allowable norm, a value of more than 1,000 euros, and other violations. In this case, the recipient will have to pay additional fees. If there are no violations of customs legislation, the parcel bypasses this status.

Customs clearance completed.

After receiving this status, the parcel is again transferred to the place of international postal exchange, where it is processed by the branch staff. In some cases, this status may be replaced by “left MMPO”.

Arrived at the sorting center.

From MMPO, the shipment arrives for sorting. There are postal sorting centers in all major cities. As a rule, the parcel is sent to the center closest to MMPO, where logistics service employees develop the best delivery route to the point of issue.

Left the sorting center.

This status means that the parcel went along the delivery route. The time it takes for it to arrive at the recipient depends on several factors, including traffic congestion, remoteness of the region, etc.

There are sorting centers of the Russian Post in all major cities.

Arrived at Sort Facility N.

Upon arrival in the recipient's city, the parcel is delivered to the local sorting center. From here, the goods are distributed to post offices or other points for issuing orders. Delivery speed is affected by: traffic congestion, weather conditions, distance. For example, delivery in the city takes no more than 1-2 days, and in the region, the shipment can be delivered in about a week.

Came to the place of delivery.

After the shipment arrives at the nearest post office, it is assigned this status. Further, postal employees are required to issue a notice and deliver it to the addressee within 1-2 days. In fact, this period may be slightly delayed, so it is better to use the My Parcel tracking service. As soon as you see the status "arrived at the place of delivery", you can go to the post office. It is not necessary to wait for a notification, since postal employees are required to issue a shipment using an identification code (tracking number). Upon receipt, you must have a passport with you.

Delivery to the addressee.

This status is assigned to the parcel after it is received by the addressee and means the end of the journey.

Domestic Russian shipments are assigned the same statuses, with the exception of those related to customs stage and MMPO. Therefore, the information will also be useful for those who make purchases in Russian online stores or expect a package from loved ones living in another city or region.

Now you know the interpretation of each status and you can not only determine the actual location of the parcel, but also roughly calculate the delivery time.

An important element in the organization of logistics is the network, through which the optimal direction occurs material flows. The structure of the network of distribution centers affects the costs that arise when bringing products to the customer, and, therefore, its selling price, at which it goes on sale.

A distribution center is a warehouse where goods are received from manufacturing enterprises and from large wholesalers. trade organizations(for example, from neighboring domestic regions or from abroad). The function of the distribution center is to release the received products in small batches to wholesalers and retail outlets through their own or their distribution network.

Edgar Hoover proposed three strategies for locating distribution warehouses:

• directly near the place of sale of goods,
• close to production
• at intermediate points.

This classification has become generally accepted and makes economic sense.

So, what is a distribution center depending on its location?

A warehouse located near the point of sale ensures timely replenishment of consumer stocks. Geographically, the area of ​​the sales market served by this warehouse complex depends on the desired speed of delivery, the average volume of consignments of goods and the estimated cost of moving from the warehouse to the place of sale. The main criteria for the functioning of such warehouse complexes are the minimization of logistics costs and ensuring the proper quality of service. This supply system is most widely used in the trade in food and consumer goods in high demand. But it is also characteristic of many other types of trade, since it shows itself to be the most economically profitable - this is the most rational option for a quick replenishment of stocks.

Placement of warehouse complexes near manufacturing enterprises simplifies the accumulation of the assortment demanded by buyers. It becomes possible to send them combined orders at fixed prices. The advantages of such complexes are in providing a sufficiently high quality of service and supplying customers with a complete list of goods. And the manufacturer gets the opportunity to be the most preferable for the consumer among other suppliers.

Warehouse complexes located at intermediate points - between the producer of goods and its consumer, operate on the same principle as those created in the immediate vicinity of production. The entire assortment is accumulated there and shipped to consumers in mixed batches at a reduced rate.

The range of functions of the warehouse complex, the turnover through it and the principle of placement depend on the volume of products demanded by consumers in a particular area. Both the development strategy and the financial stability of the enterprise that created this distribution network play a role. During the design it is taken into account:

• the cost of delivering products to the client;
• the maximum volume of goods that the warehouse is physically capable of processing - accept, store and release;
• procedure for placing orders;
• organization of management of the warehouse complex;
• customer service quality.

An effective network is one that is able to provide the highest quality of customer service at a low cost of own material and time. Depending on the chosen placement strategy, the commodity distribution network is organized in one of two variations: as a centralized structure with one powerful distribution center, or as a decentralized structure with several centers.

Centralized Structure Features:

The distribution center, functioning within the framework of a centralized commodity distribution structure, is engaged in the shipment of products to the end customer in various regions. It can be both an intermediary who takes wholesale lots of goods, and a retail trade point. The advantage of such an organization is to reduce the load on the manufacturer's warehouses: the products are immediately sent to the distribution center. Cons - tangible costs for transportation to many buyers at once.

Decentralized system features

A decentralized distribution system implies the presence of a certain number of distribution centers, and this increases the cost of maintaining the entire network as a whole. But the cost of transporting products to customers is reduced, since they are geographically located close to the consumer. In addition, the state of the local market is known in these centers. But the disadvantage of this system is the difficulty of maintaining a low cost of organizing goods circulation in warehouses.

Thus, material costs on the maintenance of a centralized distribution system can be significant. They are reduced by increasing the number of distribution centers, territorially organized close to consumers. In addition, a decentralized system functions more quickly - products reach customers faster.