Automated enterprise management systems (ASUP) and guests. Gosti: automated control systems Stage: Development of the AU concept
First of all, I propose to remember for those who knew and forgot, and to determine for those who forgot and did not know what it is - APCS.
An automated process control system (APCS) is a set of hardware and software designed to automate the control of process equipment at industrial enterprises.
In accordance with GOST 34.601-90 - “Automated Systems. Stages of creation”, the process of creating automated systems (AS, APCS) is a set of time-ordered, interconnected, combined into stages and stages of work, the implementation of which is necessary and sufficient to create an AU that meets the specified requirements.
The stages and stages of the creation of AS are distinguished as parts of the creation process for reasons of rational planning and organization of work, ending with a given result.
This standard applies to automated systems (AS, APCS) used in various activities (research, design, management, etc.), including their combinations created in organizations, associations and enterprises (hereinafter - organizations).
This GOST divides the creation of an AU into stages and stages of work, which we will consider below.
1. The first stage is: the formation of requirements for the AU.
Stages of work with their content:
1.1 Inspection of the facility and justification of the need to create an automated process control system:
- collection of data on the automation object and ongoing activities;
- assessment of the quality of the functioning of the object and the types of activities carried out, identification of problems that can be solved by means of automation;
- assessment (technical, economic, social, etc.) of the feasibility of creating an automated process control system.
1.2 Formation of user requirements for process control systems:
- preparation of initial data for the formation of the requirements of the process control system (characteristics of the automation object, description of the requirements for the system, limits on the allowable costs for development, commissioning and operation, the effect expected from the system, conditions for the creation and operation of the system);
- formulation and execution of user requirements for process control systems.
1.3 Registration of a report on the work performed and an application for the development of an AU (tactical and technical specifications):
- preparation of a report on the work performed at this stage;
- registration of an application for the development of a process control system (tactical and technical assignment) or another document replacing it with a similar content.
2. Stage: Development of the AU concept.
2.1 Study of the object.
2.2 Carrying out research work:
- At stages 2.1 and 2.2, the developer organization conducts a detailed study of the automation object and the necessary research work (R&D) related to finding ways and assessing the possibility of implementing user requirements, draw up and approve R&D reports.
2.3 Development of options for the APCS concept and selection of a variant of the APCS concept that meets the requirements of the user:
- development of alternative versions of the concept created by the AU and plans for their implementation;
- assessment of the necessary resources for their implementation and maintenance;
- assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of each option;
- comparison of user requirements and characteristics of the proposed system and selection of the best option;
- determination of the procedure for assessing the quality and conditions for the acceptance of the system;
- assessment of the effects received from the system.
2.4 Making a report on the work performed:
- preparation and execution of a report containing a description of the work performed at the stage of description and justification of the proposed version of the system concept.
3. Terms of reference.
3.1 Development and approval of terms of reference for the creation of process control systems:
- carrying out the development, execution, coordination and approval of the terms of reference for the NPP and, if necessary, the terms of reference for the part of the process control system.
4. Draft design.
4.1. Development of preliminary design solutions for the system and its parts:
- APCS functions;
- functions of subsystems, their goals and effects;
- composition of task complexes and individual tasks;
- the concept of the information base, its enlarged structure;
- database management system functions;
- composition of the computer system;
- functions and parameters of the main software tools.
4.2. Development of documentation for process control systems and its parts:
5. Technical project.
5.1. Development of design solutions for the system and its parts:
- At this stage, the development of common solutions is carried out:
- on the system and its parts;
- functional-algorithmic structure of the system;
- by personnel functions and organizational structure;
- by the structure of technical means;
- algorithms for solving problems and languages used;
- on the organization and maintenance of the information base, the system of classification and coding of information;
- by software.
5.2. Development of documentation for the AU and its parts:
- development, execution, coordination and approval of documentation in the amount necessary to describe the full set of design decisions made, and sufficient to carry out work on the creation of process control systems.
5.3. Development and execution of documentation for the supply of products for the acquisition of process control systems and (or) technical requirements (technical specifications) for their development:
- preparation and execution of documentation for the supply of products for the acquisition of automated process control systems;
- determination of technical requirements and preparation of technical specifications for the development of products that are not mass-produced.
5.4. Development of design tasks in adjacent parts of the automation object project:
- At this stage, development, execution, coordination and approval of design assignments in adjacent parts of the automation object project for construction, electrical, sanitary and other preparatory work related to the creation of the NPP are carried out.
6. Working documentation.
6.1. Development of working documentation for the system and its parts:
- development of working documentation containing all the necessary and sufficient information to ensure the implementation of work on the commissioning of the process control system and its operation, as well as to maintain the level of operational characteristics (quality) of the system in accordance with the adopted design decisions, its execution, coordination and approval.
6.2. Development or adaptation of programs:
- development of programs and software tools of the system;
- selection, adaptation and (or) binding of acquired software, development of program documentation.
7. Commissioning.
7.1. Preparation of the automation object for the commissioning of the process control system:
- work on the organizational preparation of the automation object for the commissioning of the process control system, including:
- implementation of design decisions on the organizational structure of process control systems;
- providing units of the control object with instructive and methodological materials;
- introduction of information classifiers.
7.2. Personnel training:
- personnel training and verification of their ability to ensure the functioning of the process control system.
7.3. The complete set of the AU supplied with products (software and hardware, software and hardware complexes, information products):
- obtaining component parts of serial and single production, materials and assembly products;
- conducting incoming quality control.
7.4. Construction and installation works:
- performance of works on the construction of specialized buildings (premises) for the placement of technical means and personnel of the process control system;
- construction of cable channels;
- performance of works on installation of technical means and communication lines;
- testing of installed technical means;
- delivery of technical means for commissioning.
7.5. Commissioning works:
- autonomous adjustment of hardware and software;
- loading information into the database and checking the system of its maintenance;
- complex adjustment of all means of the system.
7.6. Carrying out preliminary tests:
- tests of the AU for performance and compliance with the terms of reference in accordance with the program and methodology of preliminary tests;
- troubleshooting and making changes to the documentation for the process control system, including operational documentation in accordance with the test protocol;
- registration of the act of acceptance of the process control system for trial operation.
7.7. Conducting trial operation:
- carrying out trial operation of process control systems;
- analysis of the results of NPP trial operation;
- finalization (if necessary) of the software of the process control system;
- additional adjustment (if necessary) of technical means of process control systems;
- registration of the certificate of completion of trial operation.
7.8. Carrying out acceptance tests:
- tests for compliance with the terms of reference in accordance with the program and methodology of acceptance tests;
- analysis of the test results of the AU and the elimination of shortcomings identified during the tests;
- registration of the act of acceptance of the NPP into permanent operation.
8. Accompanying speakers.
8.1. Performance of work in accordance with warranty obligations:
- implementation of work to eliminate the shortcomings identified during the operation of the NPP within the established warranty period, making the necessary changes to the documentation for the NPP.
8.2. Post-warranty service:
- analysis of system functioning;
- identification of deviations of the actual operational characteristics of the NPP from the design values;
- establishing the causes of these deviations;
- elimination of identified deficiencies and ensuring the stability of the operational characteristics of the NPP;
- making the necessary changes to the documentation for the AU.
| Document's name: | |
| Document Number: | 24.104-85 |
| Type of document: | GOST |
| Host body: | State Standard of the USSR |
| Status: | Document canceled in part current |
| Published: | official publication |
| Acceptance date: | December 20, 1985 |
| Effective start date: | January 01, 1987 |
| Revision date: | July 01, 2009 |
GOST 24.104-85
Group P87
INTERSTATE STANDARD
Unified system of standards for automated control systems
AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS
General requirements
Unified system of standards of computer control systems. computer control systems. General requirements
MKS 35.240
OKSTU 0024
Introduction date 1987-01-01
Decree of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated December 20, 1985 N 4632, the date of introduction was set as January 1, 1987
INSTEAD OF GOST 17195-76, GOST 20912-75, GOST 24205-80
EDITION (July 2009) as amended (IUS 8-2003).
This standard applies to automated control systems (ACS) of all types (except for national ones) and establishes general requirements for ACS in general, ACS functions, personnel training and types of ACS support, safety and ergonomics, types and procedures for testing when putting ACS into operation, completeness of ACS, guarantees.
The standard does not establish requirements for automated control systems, determined by the specifics of control objects. These requirements are formulated in the terms of reference for the creation or development of each automated control system or in other regulatory and technical documents of the department of the customer of the automated control system.
Additional requirements for automated control systems for technological processes, automated control systems for enterprises, production and research and production associations, industry automated control systems are established in mandatory applications 2-3, respectively.
Appendix 4 provides explanations for some of the terms used in the standard.
1. REQUIREMENTS FOR ACS
1. REQUIREMENTS FOR ACS
1.1. Requirements for ACS in general
1.1.1. An automated control system of any kind must comply with the requirements of this standard, the requirements of the terms of reference for its creation or development (hereinafter referred to as the TOR for the automated control system), as well as the requirements of regulatory and technical documents in force in the department of the customer of the automated control system.
1.1.2. The commissioning of an automated control system should lead to useful technical, economic, social or other results, for example:
- decrease in the number of managerial personnel;
- improving the quality of the functioning of the control object;
- improving the quality of management, etc.
1.1.3. The specific content of the requirements under paragraphs 1.1.2, 1.1.5-1.1.11, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 1.4.6, 1.4.9, 1.5.2, 1.5.4, 1.5.6, 1.5.7, 1.6.2, 1.6.6, 1.6.12, 1.7.2, 1.7.3 are set in the ToR for the ACS.
1.1.4. The automated control system should ensure the achievement of the goals of its creation (development) established in the TOR for the automated control system.
1.1.5. The ACS must ensure compatibility between its parts, as well as with automated systems (AS) interconnected with this ACS.
In cases where an automated control system or a set of automated control systems (AS) is created on the basis of a computer network, to ensure compatibility between the elements of such a network, systems of protocols for multilevel interaction should be applied.
1.1.6. The automated control system as a whole and all types of its support must be adapted to modernization, development and expansion within the requirements specified in the TOR for the automated control system.
1.1.7. The reliability of the automated control system as a whole and each of its automated functions should be sufficient to achieve the established goals of the system functioning under the given conditions of use.
1.1.8. The adaptability of the automated control system should be sufficient to achieve the established goals of its operation in a given range of changes in the conditions of use.
1.1.9. The automated control system should provide for monitoring the correctness of the implementation of automated functions and diagnosing, indicating the place, type and cause of violations of the correct functioning of the automated control system.
1.1.10. In automated control systems with measuring channels, it should be possible to control the metrological characteristics of the measuring channels.
1.1.11. The automated control system must provide for measures to protect against incorrect actions of personnel leading to an emergency state of an object or control system, from accidental changes and destruction of information and programs, as well as from unauthorized interference.
1.1.12. Any information entering the ACS is entered into the system once using one input channel, if this does not lead to non-fulfillment of the requirements established in the TOR for the ACS (in terms of reliability, reliability, etc.).
1.1.13. Output information of the same semantic content should be generated in the ACS once, regardless of the number of recipients.
1.1.14. The information contained in the ACS databases must be updated in accordance with the frequency of its use in the performance of system functions.
1.1.15. The automated control system must be protected from information leakage, if it is stipulated in the TOR for the automated control system.
1.1.16. The name of the ACS should include the names of the ACS type and the control object.
For example:
- PCS for metal heating in a process furnace;
- organizational and technological automated control system for workshop No. 5;
- Automatic control system of the "Sickle and Hammer" plant.
1.2. Requirements for ACS functions
1.2.1. ACS in the required volumes should automatically perform:
- collection, processing and analysis of information (signals, messages, documents, etc.) about the state of the control object;
- development of control actions (programs, plans, etc.);
- transfer of control actions (signals, instructions, documents) for execution and its control;
- implementation and control of the implementation of control actions;
- exchange of information (documents, messages, etc.) with interconnected automated systems.
1.2.2. The composition of automated functions (tasks, task complexes - hereinafter referred to as functions) of the ACS should provide the ability to control the corresponding object in accordance with any of the goals established in the TOR for the ACS.
1.2.3. The composition of the automated functions of the automated control system and the degree of their automation must be technically, economically and (or) socially justified, taking into account the need to free personnel from performing repetitive actions and create conditions for using their creative abilities in the process of work.
1.3. Requirements for the preparedness of ACS personnel
1.3.1. The qualification of the personnel of the automated control system should ensure the effective functioning of the system in all specified modes.
1.3.2. ACS personnel should be prepared to perform their duties in accordance with the instructions of organizational support.
1.3.3. Each person who is part of the ACS personnel must be able to apply the appropriate information models and work with the technical means and documentation used by him, which determine the procedure for his activities.
1.4. Requirements for the technical support of automated control systems
1.4.1. The complex of technical means of the automated control system should be sufficient to perform all automated functions of the automated control system.
1.4.2. In the complex of technical means of automated control systems, technical means of mass production should be mainly used. If necessary, the use of technical means of single production is allowed.
1.4.3. Replicated automated control systems and their parts should be built on the basis of unified technical means.
1.4.4. The technical means of the automated control system must be placed in compliance with the requirements contained in the technical, including operational, documentation for them, and so that it is convenient to use them during the operation of the automated control system and perform maintenance.
1.4.5. The placement of technical means used by the personnel of the automated control system when performing automated functions must comply with the requirements of ergonomics: for production equipment in accordance with GOST 12.2.049-80, for means of presenting visual information in accordance with GOST 21829-76, including for boards for collective use from digital sign-synthesizing electroluminescent indicators according to GOST 29.05.002-82.
1.4.6. The technical means of the automated control system used in the interaction of the automated control system with other systems must be compatible in interfaces with the corresponding technical means of these systems and the communication systems used.
1.4.7. The automated control system must use technical means with a service life of at least ten years. The use of technical means with a shorter service life is allowed only in justified cases and in agreement with the customer of the automated control system.
1.4.8. Any of the technical means of the automated control system must allow its replacement by a tool of a similar functional purpose without any structural changes or adjustments in the remaining technical means of the automated control system (except for cases specifically provided for in the technical documentation for the automated control system).
1.4.9. Technical means of automated control systems may be used only under the conditions specified in the operational documentation for them. In cases where it is necessary to use them in an environment whose parameters exceed the permissible values established for these technical means, measures should be taken to protect individual technical means of the automated control system from the influence of external influencing factors.
1.4.10. The automated control system must use computer technology that meets the general technical requirements in accordance with GOST 21552-84.
1.4.11. The ACS should use technical means corresponding to:
- in terms of stability and external influencing factors - GOST 12997-84 * GOST 14254-96 for shells of electrical products, GOST 17516-72 for electrical products in terms of the impact of mechanical environmental factors, GOST 21552-84
________________
GOST R 52931-2008.
- in terms of power supply - GOST 12997-84 for industrial devices and automation equipment GSP, GOST 21552-84 for computer equipment;
- according to the performance category - GOST 12997-84 for industrial devices and automation equipment GSP, GOST 21552-84 for computer equipment.
1.4.12. The protection of the ACS technical equipment from the impact of external electric and magnetic fields, as well as interference in the power circuits, must be sufficient for the ACS technical equipment to effectively fulfill its purpose during the ACS operation.
1.4.13. In the automated control system, in accordance with the requirements provided for by the "All-Union norms of permissible industrial interference" 1-72 - 9-72 and GOST 23450-79 *, measures must be taken to protect the environment from industrial radio interference emitted by the technical means of the automated control system during operation, as well as at the time of switching on and off.
_________________
* GOST R 51318.11-2006 is valid on the territory of the Russian Federation.
1.4.14. General ergonomic requirements for mnemonic diagrams - in accordance with GOST 21480-76, for counting devices of visual indicators - in accordance with GOST 22902-78, for collective use boards on digital sign-synthesizing electroluminescent indicators - in accordance with GOST 29.05.002-82, for cathode-beam tubes for displaying visual information - according to GOST 29.05.006-85.
1.4.15. General ergonomic requirements for switches and switches on consoles: rotary - according to GOST 22613-77, keyboard and push-button - according to GOST 22614-77, "Toggle" type - according to GOST 22615-77.
1.4.16. General ergonomic requirements for signaling devices of audio primary messages - according to GOST 21786-76.
1.4.17. General ergonomic requirements governing the organization of the workplace, the relative position of information display facilities, controls and communications within the workplace - according to GOST 22269-76, including consoles - according to GOST 23000-78.
1.4.18. General ergonomic requirements for operator seats - according to GOST 21889-76.
1.4.19. General ergonomic requirements for the hall, operator cabins and the relative position of workplaces - according to GOST 21958-76.
1.5. ACS software requirements
1.5.1. The ACS software must be sufficient to perform all the ACS functions implemented using computer technology, and also have the means to organize all the required data processing processes, allowing timely performance of all automated functions in all regulated ACS operation modes.
1.5.2. The ACS software should have the following properties:
- functional sufficiency (completeness);
- reliability (including recoverability, availability of error detection tools);
- adaptability;
- modifiability;
- modularity of construction and ease of use.
1.5.3. ACS software should be mainly built on the basis of existing application software packages and other programs borrowed from state, industry and other funds of algorithms and programs, allow loading and verification in parts, and allow replacing some programs without correcting others.
1.5.4. The automated control system should mainly use database management systems (DBMS) registered in the prescribed manner.
1.5.5. The ACS software should be built in such a way that the absence of individual data does not affect the performance of the ACS functions, in the implementation of which these data are not used.
1.5.6. The ACS software must have the means of diagnosing the technical means of the ACS and control the reliability of the input information.
1.5.7. In the software of the automated control system, measures should be implemented to protect against errors during the input and processing of information, ensuring the specified quality of the performance of the functions of the automated control system.
1.5.8. The general software of the automated control system should allow the configuration of the components of special software and the further development of the software of the automated control system without interrupting the process of its operation. The already generated and loaded piece of software must be protected from accidental changes.
1.5.9. All special software programs of a particular automated control system must be compatible both with each other and with its general software.
1.5.10. Operational software documentation for the automated control system must comply with the standards of the ESPD and contain all the information necessary for the personnel of the automated control system to use the software of the automated control system, for its initial download and (or) generation, downloading information from the internal machine information base, launching the automated control system programs, checking their operation using appropriate tests .
1.5.11. Newly developed when creating a specific automated control system, software products included in its software must be registered in the state, industry or other funds of algorithms and programs (as appropriate).
1.6. Requirements for information support of automated control systems
1.6.1. The information support of the automated control system should be sufficient to perform all automated functions of the automated control system.
1.6.2. To encode information used only in this ACS, classifiers adopted by the customer of the ACS should be applied.
1.6.3. To encode in the ACS output information used at a higher level, classifiers of higher control systems should be used, except for specially stipulated cases.
1.6.4. General ergonomic requirements for information coding - according to GOST 21829-76.
1.6.5. In the automated control system for communication between devices of a complex of technical means, the following should be applied:
- input and output signals:
Electrical - current and voltage according to GOST 26.011-80, with a discrete change in parameters according to GOST 26.013-81, coded according to GOST 26.014-81,
- hydraulic according to GOST 26.012-94,
- pneumatic according to GOST 26.015-81;
- alphanumeric character sets according to GOST 27465-87;
- 8-bit codes according to GOST 19768-93.
1.6.6. The information support of the automated control system must be compatible with the information support of the systems interacting with it, in terms of content, coding system, addressing methods, data formats and the form of presentation of information received and issued by the automated control system.
1.6.7. The forms of documents created by the ACS must comply with the requirements of the standards of the DRC or regulatory and technical documents of the department of the customer of the ACS.
1.6.8. The forms of documents and video frames input, output or corrected through the ACS terminals must be consistent with the relevant technical characteristics of the terminals.
1.6.9. The set of information arrays of the automated control system should be organized in the form of databases on machine media.
1.6.10. The form of presentation of the output information of the automated control system must be agreed with the customer (user) of the system.
1.6.11. The terms and abbreviations used in the ACS output documents must be generally accepted in the given subject area and agreed with the system customer.
1.6.12. The ACS should provide for the necessary measures to control and update data in the information arrays of the ACS, restore the arrays after the failure of any technical means of the ACS, as well as control the identity of the information of the same name in the databases.
1.7. Requirements for the organizational support of automated control systems
1.7.1. The organizational support of the automated control system should be sufficient for the effective performance of the duties assigned to it by the personnel of the automated control system in the implementation of automated and related non-automated functions of the system.
1.7.2. The organizational structure of the automated control system should allow all the functions of the automated control system to be performed, taking into account their distribution by management levels.
1.7.3. The requirements for the distribution of duties among the personnel involved in the operation of the automated control system in real time are determined taking into account the requirements of clause 11 of the mandatory Appendix 1.
1.7.4. Instructions for the organizational support of the ACS should determine the actions of the ACS personnel necessary to perform each automated function, in all modes of operation of the ACS, taking into account the specified requirements for the accuracy and speed of the implementation by the ACS personnel of their functional duties, and also contain specific instructions on actions in case of emergencies. or violation of the normal operating conditions of the automated control system. Requirements for the content of instructions - according to RD 50-698-90 *.
________________
*Document not cited. See the link for more information. - Database manufacturer's note.
1.7.5. For each automated function that is performed in the interaction of this automated control system with other systems, instructions to the personnel of the automated control system and these systems must be interconnected for all modes of performing this function and contain instructions on the actions of personnel in case of failure of the technical means of the automated control system.
1.8. Requirements for the linguistic support of automated control systems
1.8.1. The linguistic support of the ACS should be sufficient for communication of various categories of users in a form convenient for them with automation tools for the ACS and for the implementation of transformation procedures and machine representation of the information processed in the ACS.
1.8.2. The linguistic support of ACS should include:
language means are provided for describing any information used in the ACS;
- used language means are unified;
- standardized descriptions of the same type of information elements and records of syntactic constructions;
- provided convenience, unambiguity and stability of communication between users and automated control systems;
- means are provided for correcting errors that occur when users communicate with the technical means of the automated control system.
1.8.3. The linguistic support of the automated control system should be reflected in the documentation (instructions, descriptions) of the organizational support of the automated control system in the form of rules for users to communicate with the technical means of the automated control system in all modes of operation of the system.
1.9. Requirements for the legal support of automated control systems
Legal support of automated control systems should include a set of legal norms:
Determining the legal force of information on data carriers and documents used in the functioning of the automated control system and created by the system;
- regulating legal relations between persons who are members of the ACS personnel (rights, duties and responsibilities), as well as between the ACS personnel and the personnel of systems interacting with the ACS.
Note. Rules and regulations arising from the legal force of information on data carriers and legal norms should be included in the instructions for organizational support and regulations on the relevant ACS services.
1.10. Requirements for operational documentation for automated control systems
1.10.1. The operational documentation for the ACS should be sufficient for the commissioning of the ACS and its effective functioning.
1.10.2. Operational documentation for the ACS should:
- contain the information necessary for the rapid and high-quality development and proper operation of automated control systems;
- contain instructions on the activities of the ACS personnel in emergency situations or in violation of the normal operating conditions of the ACS;
- do not contain provisions that allow ambiguous interpretation.
2. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Incorrect actions of the ACS personnel should not lead to an emergency.
2.2. Safety requirements for electrical products used in automated control systems - according to GOST 12.2.007.0-75.
2.3. Requirements for the safety of computer equipment used in automated control systems - according to GOST 25861-83.
2.4. All external elements of technical means of automatic control systems that are under voltage must be protected from accidental contact, and the technical means themselves must have grounding or protective grounding in accordance with GOST 12.1.030-81 and the "Electrical Installation Rules".
2.5. Technical means of automated control systems located at explosive and fire hazardous installations must meet the requirements of the "Electrical Installation Rules".
2.6. The technical means of the automated control system must be installed in such a way that their safe operation and maintenance are ensured.
2.7. Safety requirements must be established by a special section of job descriptions and (or) ACS operating instructions and have links to technical equipment operating instructions.
2.8. General ergonomic requirements for workplaces of ACS personnel - according to GOST 22269-76.
2.9. Comfortable living conditions for ACS personnel must comply with current sanitary standards, maximum allowable living conditions - in accordance with GOST 12.1.005-88, permissible levels of influence of hazardous and harmful production factors - in accordance with GOST 12.0.003-74.
2.10. General ergonomic requirements for the microclimate of the working premises of the ACS personnel are in accordance with GOST 12.1.005-88.
2.11. Noise and sound power levels at the locations of ACS personnel should not exceed the values established by GOST 12.1.003-83 and sanitary standards, while taking into account the noise and sound power levels generated by all sources, including acoustic means of data transmission.
2.12. Illumination levels of workplaces of ACS personnel should correspond to the nature and working conditions. Protection against glare and glare must be provided.
2.13. General ergonomic requirements for vibration of equipment at workplaces of ACS personnel - according to GOST 12.1.012-2004.
2.14. Signal colors and safety signs - according to GOST 12.4.026-76 *.
__________________
* GOST R 12.4.026-2001 is valid on the territory of the Russian Federation.
3. TYPES AND PROCEDURE FOR CARRYING OUT TESTS WHEN PUTTING ACS INTO OPERATION - according to GOST 34.603-92
3.1-3.7.13 (Deleted, Amendment).
4. COMPLETENESS OF THE ACS TO BE COMMISSIONED
4.1. The ACS should include:
- technical means of automated control systems in the form of a complex of technical means of automated control systems, prepared for operation;
- spare parts and devices (SPTA), devices and devices for checking the performance, adjusting technical means and monitoring the metrological characteristics of the measuring channels of the automated control system in the amount provided for by the custom design documentation agreed with the customer of the automated control system and the user's metrology service in terms of verification equipment;
- operational documentation in accordance with GOST 2.601-2006 for each of the products included in the KTS ACS;
- at least two copies of programs on data carriers and operational documentation for them in accordance with GOST 19.101-77, subject to restrictions and additions in accordance with GOST 34.201-89 and RD 50-698-90;
- a form for the ACS software as a whole or for the software of the ACS function put into operation separately and forms for software products (according to GOST 19781-90), each in one copy. Requirements for the form - according to GOST 19.501-78;
- two copies of the operational documentation for the automated control system in accordance with GOST 34.201-89, including the necessary documentation for the information support of the automated control system (a single copy of the automated control system form).
By agreement between the ACS developer and the ACS customer, the completeness of the ACS can be expanded.
4.2. The states of the automated control system must be staffed with personnel that meet the requirements of clause 1.3.
4.3. To complete the created automated control system, the following supplied as products for industrial purposes can be used:
- a complex (complexes) of hardware and software with operational documentation for them in accordance with GOST 2.601-2006;
- software products with operational documentation for them in accordance with GOST 19.101-77;
- technical means with operational documentation for them in accordance with GOST 2.601-2006.
4.4. The procedure for developing, putting into production and testing the supplied components used in the automated control system must comply with the State Standards for the system for developing and putting products into production.
Before being put into production, prototypes of components are subjected to acceptance (state, interdepartmental, departmental) tests.
5. WARRANTY
5.1. The developer of the automated control system guarantees the compliance of the automated control system with the requirements of this standard and the TOR for the automated control system, provided that the user observes the conditions and rules of operation.
5.2. The compliance of the technical, software and automation equipment complexes used in the automated control systems and supplied as products for industrial purposes with the requirements of standards and specifications for them is guaranteed by the manufacturers of these types of products, provided that the user observes the conditions and operating rules.
5.3. The warranty period for the ACS is calculated from the day the ACS is put into operation.
5.4. The warranty period for the operation of the automated control system must be set in the ToR for the automated control system and cannot be less than 18 months.
APPENDIX 1 (mandatory). ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR AUTOMATED PROCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS (APCS)
ATTACHMENT 1
Mandatory
1. APCS in industry and the non-industrial sector must manage the technological object as a whole and supply the systems interconnected with it with reliable technological and technical and economic information about the operation of the technological control object (TOU).
2. APCS should develop and implement control actions that are rational in terms of the goals and criteria of management on the TOU in real time of the flow of the technological process in the control object.
3. APCS must perform control, information and support functions.
4. APCS should be compatible with all interconnected automated systems (AS) specified in the TOR for APCS, including systems that are part of flexible automated production together with this APCS, for example, CAD technology, automated warehouse and transport systems, AS for technological preparation of production.
5. Control actions in the automated process control system must be generated automatically or formed by its operational personnel using a set of automation tools included in the system.
6. The automated process control system must ensure the control of the facility in normal, transient and pre-emergency conditions of its operation, as well as the protection or shutdown of the facility in the event of a threat of an accident.
7. The automated process control system should carry out the function of monitoring the execution of control actions on the TOU and signal the output of the executive bodies to the maximum permissible positions.
8. When implementing the function of emergency automatic shutdown of equipment in the automated process control system, an alarm about this to operational personnel should be provided using light and, if necessary, sound signals with automatic registration of the shutdown time.
9. As the main technical means of automated process control systems, products of the State System of Industrial Instruments and Automation Equipment (GSP), other products that meet the requirements of ESSP standards, and computer equipment that comply with GOST 21552-84 should be used.
10. Technical means of automated process control systems placed on technological equipment must comply with the requirements for their operating conditions.
11. Responsibilities between operators should be distributed taking into account:
- participation of personnel in the performance of non-automated functions of the system and its interaction with other systems;
- the permissible level of psycho-physiological and emotional load of operators established by industry regulatory and technical documents associated with the fulfillment of the duties assigned to each of them and his responsibility for the final and intermediate results of work, as well as the required level of his activity in the process of work.
12. Each person who is part of the staff must have:
- knowledge, the volume and depth of which allows him to perform all the actions (interactions) included in the corresponding automated and related non-automated functions of the APCS, as well as make the right decisions in emergency situations or other violations of normal operation;
- proven skills that allow you to perform all actions and interactions with the given accuracy and speed.
13. The APCS software must provide, and the organizational support reflects the language means for communication of operational personnel with the APCS CTS, convenient and accessible to persons who do not have the qualifications of a programmer.
14. Codes and symbols used in the automated process control system should be close to the terms and concepts used by the technological personnel of the control object, and should not cause difficulties in their perception.
15. The measuring channels of the automated process control system must have metrological characteristics that ensure the performance of its information functions with the indicators specified in the TOR for the automated process control system.
16. Requirements for testing automated process control systems
16.1. Preliminary tests of automated process control systems are carried out at the operating TOU.
16.2. Preliminary tests of the APCS functions required for the start-up and running-in of technological equipment may be carried out at the facility using simulators.
16.3. The determination of the actual values of indicators of technical and economic efficiency and reliability of the automated process control system is carried out after its commissioning. The operating time of the automated process control system, necessary to determine the actual values of its indicators, is calculated according to the appropriate methods approved in the prescribed manner.
APPENDIX 2 (mandatory). ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ACS BY ENTERPRISES, INDUSTRIAL AND SCIENTIFIC AND PRODUCTION ASSOCIATIONS
APPENDIX 2
Mandatory
1. ACS should improve the efficiency of the production and economic activities of an enterprise, production or research and production association (hereinafter referred to as the enterprise).
2. ACS by an enterprise (APCS) should provide automated collection and processing of information with a wide use of optimization methods for the main tasks and control subsystems of the general plant and workshop level, including, if necessary, in real time in teleprocessing and dialogue mode.
3. The automated control system should be implemented as a set of jointly functioning subsystems, the interaction between which should occur through a common (single or distributed) database.
4. Organizational support of the automated control system should provide for the improvement of management methods and the structure of the enterprise management system during the creation and development of automated control systems.
APPENDIX 3 (mandatory). ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR INDUSTRY AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS (SAC)
APPENDIX 3
Mandatory
1. OSAS should provide:
- improving the characteristics of the control object (increasing labor productivity in the industry, improving product quality, timely delivery of products, reducing the cost of products);
- improvement of information processing processes (reducing the cost of information processing, increasing the reliability of initial data, increasing the accuracy and efficiency of calculations);
- improvement of the organization of the performance of management functions (in particular, the rational distribution of work between departments of the administrative apparatus, computer centers and research organizations and enterprises).
2. The functions of industry management should be automated in the OAS, for example:
- forecasting and planning of production and industry resources;
- management of scientific and technical development of the industry and technical preparation of industry production;
- management of the labor resources of the industry;
- management of material resources of the industry;
- management of capital construction in the industry;
- management of financial resources of the industry;
- management, including operational management, of the main production at the industry level, etc.
3. OAS should be implemented as a set of jointly functioning subsystems, the interaction between which should occur through common databases.
4. OACS should include a data collection system based on the computer centers of OACS, organizations and enterprises of the industry, ensuring rational distribution of information in databases for solving interacting tasks and transferring information between systems via communication channels and on machine media.
5. OACS should provide an interactive mode of working with the system databases.
6. Establishment of the OASMS should lead to the improvement of the methods and structure of the industry management.
7. The duration of the trial operation of parts of the OACS should ensure a one-time performance of all calculations necessary to perform the automated functions of the introduced part of the OASU, and should not exceed 3 months.
The specific duration of the trial operation of the OASU is set by agreement between the developer and the customer.
APPENDIX 4 (informative). EXPLANATION TO SOME TERMS USED IN THIS STANDARD
APPENDIX 4
Reference
Complex of automation means (KSA)- supplied set of mutually agreed complexes of hardware and software (products), designed and manufactured as products for industrial purposes. The composition of the KSA may also include other products and (or) documents included in the information, organizational or other types of support for automated systems.
Building ACS- a set of measures taken in the ACS when expanding its control object without changing the composition of the ACS functions.
Video frame (in ACS)- the image on the screen of the cathode ray tube of the document of the picture or the text of the message used in the automated control system.
ACS measuring channel- a functionally combined set of technical and (if necessary) software tools designed to implement one simple measuring function of the automated control system.
Preliminary tests of automated control systems- control tests carried out in order to determine the possibility of accepting the automated control system for trial operation.
Acceptance tests of automated control systems- control tests of the automated control system, carried out to determine its compliance with the terms of reference for the creation of an automated control system, the requirements of standards and to determine the possibility of putting the automated control system into operation.
State tests- acceptance tests of automated control systems, conducted by the state commission.
Interdepartmental testing of automated control systems- acceptance tests of automated control systems, conducted by a commission of representatives of several interested ministries and (or) departments.
Departmental tests of automated control systems- acceptance tests of automated control systems, conducted by a commission of representatives of the interested ministry or department.
Electronic text of the document
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
Information technology.
Automated systems.
Basic provisions:
Sat. GOSTs. -
M.: Standartinform, 2009
GOST 24.104-85 Unified system of standards for automated control systems. Automated control systems. General requirements
| Document's name: | GOST 24.104-85 Unified system of standards for automated control systems. Automated control systems. General requirements |
| Document Number: | 24.104-85 |
| Type of document: | GOST |
| Host body: | State Standard of the USSR |
| Status: | Document canceled in part current |
| Published: | official publication Information technology. Automated systems. Basic provisions: Sat. GOSTs. - M.: Standartinform, 2009 |
| Acceptance date: | December 20, 1985 |
| Effective start date: | January 01, 1987 |
| Revision date: | July 01, 2009 |
Date of introduction 01.01.92
This standard establishes the terms and definitions of the basic concepts in the field of automated systems (AS) and applies to the AU used in various fields of activity (management, research, design, etc., including their combination), the content of which is the processing of information.
This standard does not apply to systems designed to process (manufacture, assemble, transport) any products, materials or energy.
The terms established by this standard are mandatory for use in all types of documentation and literature on automated systems that are within the scope of standardization work and use the results of these works, and are recommended for use in scientific, technical, reference and educational literature.
This standard should be used in conjunction with GOST 15971 and GOST 16504.
1. One standardized term is established for each concept. Unacceptable synonymous terms are given in parentheses after the standardized term and are marked with "Ndp".
2. For individual standardized terms, short forms are given as reference, which are allowed to be used in cases that exclude the possibility of their different interpretation.
3. The given definitions can, if necessary, be changed by introducing derivative features into them, revealing the meanings of the terms used in them, indicating the objects included in the scope of the concept being defined. Changes should not violate the scope and content of the concepts defined in this standard.
In cases where the term contains all the necessary and sufficient features of the concept, the definition is not given and a dash is put instead.
4. The standard provides foreign language equivalents for a number of standardized terms in English (en) language.
5. The standard provides alphabetical indexes of terms in Russian and their English equivalents.
6. Terms and definitions of general technical concepts necessary for understanding the text of the standard are given in.
7. Standardized terms are in bold, their short forms represented by abbreviations are in light, and synonyms are in italics.
1. Automated systems. General concepts
| 1.1 automated system; AC: A system consisting of personnel and a set of means for automating its activities, realizing information technology for performing established functions. | en automated system; AS |
| Notes: | |
| 1. Depending on the type of activity, for example, the following types of AS are distinguished: automated control systems (ACS), computer-aided design systems (CAD), automated research systems (ASNI), etc. 2. Depending on the type of controlled object (process), ACS is divided, for example, into ACS for technological processes (APCS), ACS for enterprises (APCS), etc. |
|
| 1.2 integrated automated system; IAS: A set of two or more interconnected ASs, in which the functioning of one of them depends on the results of the functioning of the other (others) so that this set can be considered as a single AS | en integrated AS |
| 1.3 function of the automated system; AC function: A set of AC actions aimed at achieving a specific goal | en AS function |
| 1.4 task of the automated system; AS task: A function or part of an AC function, which is a formalized set of automatic actions, the execution of which leads to a result of a given type | en AS problem |
| 1.5 algorithm of functioning of the automated system; AS operation algorithm: An algorithm that sets the conditions and sequence of actions of the components of an automated system when it performs its functions | en AS operation algorithm |
| 1.6 scientific and technical level of the automated system; NTU AS: An indicator or set of indicators that characterizes the degree of compliance of the technical and economic characteristics of the AU with modern achievements in science and technology | en technical level of AS |
2. Main components of automated systems
| 2.1 user of the automated system; AC user: A person participating in the functioning of the AS or using the results of its functioning | en AS user |
| 2.2 operating personnel of the automated system; AC operating personnel: - | en AS maintenance staff |
| 2.3 organizational support of the automated system; organizational support of the AS: A set of documents that establish the organizational structure, rights and obligations of users and operating personnel of the NPP in the conditions of functioning, verification and ensuring the operability of the NPP | en AS organizational support |
| 2.4 methodological support of the automated system; methodological support AS: A set of documents describing the technology of the AU operation, methods for choosing and applying technological methods by users to obtain specific results in the operation of the AU | en AS methodological support |
| 2.5 technical support of the automated system; AS technical support: The totality of all technical means used in the operation of the AU | in AS hardware |
| 2.6 mathematical support of the automated system; AS software: A set of mathematical methods, models and algorithms applied in the AS | en AS mathematical support |
| 2.7 automated system software; AS software: A set of programs on data carriers and program documents designed for debugging, operation and testing of the AU | in AS software |
| 2.8 information support of the automated system; information support of the AU: A set of forms of documents, classifiers, regulatory framework and implemented decisions on the volume, placement and forms of existence of information used in the AS during its operation | en AS information support |
| 2.9 linguistic support of the automated system; linguistic support of AS: A set of tools and rules for the formalization of natural language used in the communication of users and operating personnel of the AU with a set of automation tools during the operation of the AU | en AS linguistic support |
|
2.10 legal support of the automated system; legal support of the AS: A set of legal norms that regulate legal relations during the functioning of the AS and the legal status of the results of its functioning. Note. Legal support is implemented in the organizational support of the AS. |
|
| 2.11 ergonomic support of the automated system; ergonomic support speakers: A set of implemented solutions in the NPP to harmonize the psychological, psycho-physiological, anthropometric, physiological characteristics and capabilities of the NPP users with the technical characteristics of the NPP automation tool complex and the parameters of the working environment at the workplaces of the NPP personnel | en AS anthropo-technical support |
| 2.12 a set of automation tools for an automated system; KSA AC: The totality of all components of the AS, excluding people | en AS automation means complex |
| 2.13 component of an automated system; AC component: Part of the AS, allocated according to a certain feature or set of features and considered as a whole | en AS component |
| 2.14 a component in an automated system; AC component: A product or unit of scientific and technical products used as an integral part of the AU in accordance with the technical specifications or terms of reference for it | |
| 2.15 software product in an automated system; AS software product: A software tool manufactured, tested in the prescribed form and supplied as a production and technical product for use in the AU | en program product in AS |
|
2.16 information tool. A set of ordered relatively permanent information on a data carrier describing the parameters and characteristics of a given application, and related documentation, intended for delivery to the user. Note. The media documentation may be supplied on a data carrier. |
en information facility |
| 2.17 information product in an automated system; information product in AS: Information tool manufactured, tested in the prescribed form and supplied as a product for industrial purposes for use in the AU | en AS information product |
| 2.18 software and hardware complex of the automated system; PTK AS: Products, which are a combination of computer equipment, software and tools for creating and filling in a machine information base when the system is put into operation, sufficient to perform one or more tasks of the AU | |
| 2.19 information base of the automated system; AS information base: A set of ordered information used in the operation of the AU | en informational background of AS |
| 2.20 off-machine information base of the automated system; off-machine AS information base: Part of the AS information base, which is a collection of documents intended for direct human perception without the use of computer technology | en AS external information base |
| 2.21 machine information base of the automated system; machine information base AS: Part of the AS information base, which is a set of information used in the AS on data carriers | en AS computer information base |
| 2.22 automated workplace; workstation: AS software and hardware complex designed to automate activities of a certain type. Note. The types of workstations, for example, are the workstation of the operator-technologist, the workstation of the engineer, the workstation of the designer, the workstation of the accountant, etc. | en automated workplace |
3. Properties and indicators of automated systems
| 3.1 efficiency of the automated system; AC efficiency: The property of the AS, characterized by the degree of achievement of the goals set during its creation. Note. The types of AS efficiency, for example, include economic, technical, social, etc. | en AS efficiency |
| 3.2 indicator of the efficiency of the automated system; AC performance indicator: Measure or characteristic for assessing the effectiveness of an AU | en AS efficiency index |
| 3.3 compatibility of automated systems; speaker compatibility: A complex property of two or more ASs characterized by their ability to interact in operation. Note. Compatibility AS includes technical, software, information, organizational, linguistic and, if necessary, metrological compatibility. | en AS compatibility |
| 3.4 technical compatibility of automated systems; AC technical compatibility: Particular compatibility of the AU, characterized by the possibility of interaction between the technical means of these systems | en AS hardware compatibility |
| 3.5 software compatibility of automated systems; AC software compatibility: Particular compatibility of AS, characterized by the ability of the programs of one system to work in another and the exchange of programs necessary for the interaction of the AS | en AS software compatibility |
| 3.6 information compatibility of automated systems; AS information compatibility: Particular compatibility of speakers, characterized by the possibility of using the same data in them and exchanging data between them | en AS data level compatibility |
| 3.7 organizational compatibility of automated systems; organizational compatibility AS: Particular compatibility of the AU, characterized by the consistency of the rules of action of their personnel governing the interaction of these AU | en AS organization level compatibility |
| 3.8 linguistic compatibility of automated systems; linguistic compatibility: Particular compatibility of the AU, characterized by the possibility of using the same language means of communication of personnel with a set of automation tools for these AU | en AS language level compatibility |
| 3.9 metrological compatibility of automated systems; metrological compatibility AS: Particular compatibility of AS, characterized in that the accuracy of the measurement results obtained in one AS allows them to be used in another | en AS metrological compatibility |
| 3.10 adaptability of the automated system; AC adaptability: The ability of the AU to change to maintain its performance within specified limits with changes in the external environment | en AS adaptivity |
| 3.11. reliability of the automated system; AC reliability: The complex property of the AU to keep in time within the established limits the values of all parameters characterizing the ability of the AU to perform its functions in the specified modes and operating conditions. Note. The reliability of the AU includes the properties of the reliability and maintainability of the AU, and in some cases, the durability of the AU hardware. | en AS reliability |
| 3.12 survivability of the automated system; AC survivability: The property of an AC characterized by its ability to perform a specified scope of functions under conditions of environmental influences and failures of system components within specified limits | in AS survivability |
| 3.13 noise immunity of the automated system; noise immunity AC: The property of a speaker characterized by its ability to perform its functions in the presence of interference, in particular from electromagnetic fields | en AS noise immunity |
4. Creation and operation of automated systems
| 4.1 life cycle of an automated system; AS life cycle: A set of interrelated processes of creating and sequentially changing the state of the NPP from the formation of the initial requirements for it to the end of operation and disposal of the NPP automation complex | en AS life cycle |
| 4.2 the process of creating an automated system; AS creation process: The totality of work from the formation of the initial requirements for the system to the commissioning | |
| 4.3 the stage of creating an automated system; stage of AS creation: One of the parts of the process of creating the AU, established by regulatory documents and ending with the release of documentation for the AU, containing a description of the complete, within the specified requirements, model of the AU at the level specified for this stage, or the manufacture of non-serial components of the AU, or the acceptance of the AU for commercial operation | en AS making stage |
| 4.4 the stage of creating an automated system; stage of AS creation: Part of the stage of creating the AU, allocated for reasons of the unity of the nature of the work and (or) the final result or the specialization of the performers | en AS making phase |
| 4.5 turn of the automated system; AC queue: Part of the NPP, for which, in the terms of reference for the creation of the NPP as a whole, separate commissioning dates and a set of implemented functions are established | en AS sequence |
| 4.6 development of an automated system; AS development: Purposeful improvement of characteristics or expansion of the functions of the speaker | in AS evolution |
| 4.7 maintenance of the automated system; AC support: Activities for the provision of services necessary to ensure the sustainable operation or development of the NPP | en AS maintenance |
| 4.8 interaction of automated systems; AC interaction: Exchange of data, commands and signals between functioning AS | en AS interaction |
| 4.9 automated system message; AU message: Information in the form of a complete data block transmitted during the operation of the AU | en AS message |
| 4.10 unified procedure in an automated system; unified AC procedure: The common part of various automated functions or tasks, which is a formalized set of their identical actions | |
| 4.11 dialogue mode for performing the function of an automated system; dialog mode of AC function execution: The mode of performing the function of the AS, in which a person controls the solution of the problem, changing its conditions and (or) the procedure for the functioning of the AS based on the assessment of the information presented to him by the technical means of the AS | en AS conversational mode |
| 4.12 non-automated mode of performing the function of an automated system; non-automated mode of performing an AC function: The mode of performing an AC function in which it is performed only by a person | in AS manual mode |
5. Documentation for the automated system
| 5.1 documentation for the automated system; AC documentation: A set of interrelated documents that fully define the technical requirements for the AU, design and organizational decisions for the creation and operation of the AU | en documentation of AS |
| 5.2 acceptance documentation for the automated system; acceptance documentation for the NPP: Documentation that records information confirming the readiness of the AU to accept it into operation, the compliance of the AU with the requirements of regulatory documents | |
| 5.3 terms of reference for an automated system; TK on AC: A document drawn up in the prescribed manner and defining the goals of creating the AS, the requirements for the AS and the main initial data necessary for its development, as well as the schedule for creating the AS | en AS design specification |
| 5.4 technical design of the automated system; AC technical project: A set of design documents for the NPP, developed at the "Design Design" stage, approved in the prescribed manner, containing the main design decisions for the system as a whole, its functions and all types of NPP support and sufficient for the development of working documentation for the NPP | en AS technical project |
| 5.5 working documentation for the automated system; working documentation for AS: A set of design documents for the NPP, developed at the "Detailed Documentation" stage, containing interconnected solutions for the system as a whole, its functions, all types of NPP support, sufficient for the assembly, installation, commissioning and operation of the NPP, its verification and performance assurance | en AS contractor documentation |
| 5.6 operational documentation for the automated system; operational documentation for NPP: Part of the working documentation for the NPP, intended for use during the operation of the system, defining the rules for the actions of personnel and users of the system during its operation, verification and ensuring its operability | en maintenance documentation of AS |
| 5.7 technical working project of an automated system; technical working project AS: A set of design documents for the NPP, approved in the prescribed manner and containing solutions in the scope of the technical design and working documentation for the NPP |
6. Elements of technical, software and information support of the automated system
| 6.1 communication device with the object; USO: A device designed to input signals from the object to the AC and output signals to the object | en data acquisition and control system; DACS |
| 6.2 general software of the automated system; OPO AC: Part of the AS software, which is a set of software developed outside of the creation of this AS. Note. Usually, the AS OPO is a set of general-purpose programs designed to organize the computational process and solve common problems of information processing. | en AS heave-duty software |
| 6.3 special software of the automated system; SPO AS: Part of a software AS, which is a set of programs developed during the creation of this AS | en AS application software |
| 6.4 input information of the automated system; input information AC: Information entering the AU in the form of documents, messages, data, signals, necessary to perform the functions of the AU | en AS input information |
| 6.5 output information of the automated system; AS output information: Information obtained as a result of the performance of the AS functions and issued to the object of its activity, to the user or to other systems | en AS output information |
| 6.6 operational information of the automated system; AS operational information: Information reflecting at a given moment in time the state of the object to which the activity of the AS is directed | en AS rapid information |
| 6.7 reference information of the automated system; regulatory and reference information AS: Information borrowed from regulatory documents and reference books and used in the operation of the AU | en AS normative reference information |
7. Automated control systems for technological processes. Basic concepts
| 7.1 technological control object; TOU: The control object, including technological equipment and the technological process implemented in it | en technological control object |
| 7.2 local automation system: A system of automation devices that autonomously implements the technological process control AS the function of controlling a technological control object or its part, or the function of controlling the TOU or its part | en local automatic system |
| 7.3 control function of the automated process control system; APCS control function: The function of an automated control system for a technological process, including obtaining information about the state of a technological control object, evaluating information, choosing control actions and their implementation | en control function of CPCS |
| 7.4 information function of the automated process control system; information function of the process control system: The function of the process control system, including the receipt of information, processing and transmission of information to the personnel of the process control system or outside the system about the state of the technological control object or the external environment | en information function of CPCS |
| 7.5 auxiliary function of the automated process control system; auxiliary function of the process control system: The function of the process control system, including the collection and processing of data on the state of the process control system and either the presentation of this information to the system personnel or the implementation of control actions on the corresponding technical and / or software tools of the process control system | en auxiliary function of SPCS |
| 7.6 continuously performed function of the automated process control system; continuous function of the process control system : The function of the process control system, which at any time of operation has the result of its implementation | en continuous function of CPCS |
| 7.7 discretely performed function of an automated process control system; discrete function of process control system: The function of the process control system, performed on demand or time schedule | en discrete function of CPCS |
| 7.8 simple function of automated process control system; simple process control system: A process control system function that cannot be decomposed into other system functions | en simple function of CPCS |
| 7.9 integral function of the automated process control system; composite function SCADA: A set of two or more simple functions of the process control AU. Notes: |
en compound function of CPCS |
8. Computer-aided design systems. Basic concepts
| 8.1 design task in CAD: Primary description of the design object in a given form | |
| 8.2 design solution in CAD: Description in a given form of a design object or part of it, necessary and sufficient to determine the further direction of design | en design decision |
| 8.3 standard design solution in CAD: A design solution intended to be reused in design | en type design decision |
| 8.4 design result in CAD: Design solution (set of design solutions) that meets the specified requirements, necessary to create a design object | |
| 8.5 design document in CAD: A document in a predetermined form that presents one or more design decisions. | en project document |
| 8.6 design algorithm in CAD: The set of prescriptions necessary to carry out the design | en design algorithm |
| 8.7 design language in CAD: A language used in a computer-aided design system for representing and transforming descriptions in design | en design language |
| 8.8 software-methodical complex of computer-aided design system; PMC CAD: An interconnected set of components of software, information and methodological support of a computer-aided design system, including, if necessary, components of mathematical and linguistic support, necessary to obtain a complete design solution for a design object or perform a unified procedure | en CAD software- methodological complex |
9. Automated control systems for military purposes
Alphabetical index of terms in Russian
| adaptability of the automated system | 3.10 |
| AC adaptability | 3.10 |
| CAD design algorithm | 8.6 |
| algorithm of functioning of the automated system | 1.5 |
| AS operation algorithm | 1.5 |
| workstation | 2.22 |
| AC | 1.1 |
| base of the automated information system | 2.19 |
| base of the automated system information non-machine | 2.20 |
| base of the automated system information machine | 2.21 |
| AS information base | 2.19 |
| base AS information out-of-machine | 2.20 |
| AC information machine base | 2.21 |
| interaction of automated systems | 4.8 |
| AC interaction | 4.8 |
| documentation for the automated system | 5.1 |
| documentation for the automated acceptance system | 5.2 |
| documentation for the automated system | 5.5 |
| operational documentation for the automated system | 5.6 |
| AC documentation | 5.1 |
| AC acceptance documentation | 5.2 |
| AC documentation working | 5.5 |
| operating documentation for the NPP | 5.6 |
| design document in CAD | 8.5 |
| survivability of the automated system | 3.12 |
| AC survivability | 3.12 |
| assignment for an automated system technical | 5.3 |
| design task in CAD | 8.1 |
| task of the automated system | 1.4 |
| AS task | 1.4 |
| IAS | 1.2 |
| information product in an automated system | 2.17 |
| informational AS product | 2.17 |
| product component in an automated system | 2.14 |
| product component in the AU | 2.14 |
| software product in an automated system | 2.15 |
| AC software product | 2.15 |
| input automated system information | 6.4 |
| automated system output information | 6.5 |
| reference information of the automated system | 6.7 |
| automated system operational information | 6.6 |
| AC input information | 6.4 |
| AC output information | 6.5 |
| AC reference information | 6.7 |
| AC information operational | 6.6 |
| complex of software and methodological systems of computer-aided design | 8.8 |
| software and hardware complex of the automated system | 2.18 |
| a set of automation tools for an automated system | 2.12 |
| component of an automated system | 2.13 |
| AC component | 2.13 |
| KSA AS | 2.12 |
| automated work place | 2.22 |
| reliability of the automated system | 3.11 |
| AC reliability | 3.11 |
| NTU AS | 1.6 |
| provision of an automated information system | 2.8 |
| provision of an automated system linguistic | 2.9 |
| mathematical support of the automated system | 2.6 |
| providing an automated system methodical | 2.4 |
| provision of an automated organizational system | 2.3 |
| provision of an automated system legal | 2.10 |
| software provision of the automated system | 2.7 |
| provision of the automated system software general | 6.2 |
| provision of the automated system with special software | 6.3 |
| technical support of the automated system | 2.5 |
| automated system ergonomic provision | 2.11 |
| AS information support | 2.8 |
| AU linguistic support | 2.9 |
| mathematical software | 2.6 |
| AU methodical support | 2.4 |
| AS organizational support | 2.3 |
| AU legal support | 2.10 |
| AS software | 2.7 |
| AS technical support | 2.5 |
| AU Ergonomic Provision | 2.11 |
| technological control object | 7.1 |
| OPO AS | 6.2 |
| turn of the automated system | 4.5 |
| AC queue | 4.5 |
| operational personnel of the automated system | 2.2 |
| NPP operational personnel | 2.2 |
| PMC CAD | 8.8 |
| indicator of the effectiveness of an automated system | 3.2 |
| AC performance indicator | 3.2 |
| automated system user | 2.1 |
| AC user | 2.1 |
| noise immunity of the automated system | 3.13 |
| AC noise immunity | 3.13 |
| technical automated system project | 5.4 |
| technical AS project | 5.4 |
| project of a technical worker of an automated system | 5.7 |
| AS technical worker project | 5.7 |
| procedure unified in an automated system | 4.10 |
| procedure unified in the AU | 4.10 |
| the process of creating an automated system | 4.2 |
| AS creation process | 4.2 |
| PTK AS | 2.18 |
| development of an automated system | 4.6 |
| AS development | 4.6 |
| execution mode of the automated system function dialog | 4.11 |
| mode of performing the functions of an automated system non-automated | 4.12 |
| AC function execution mode dialog | 4.11 |
| AC function execution mode non-automated | 4.12 |
| design result in CAD | 8.4 |
| design solution in CAD | 8.2 |
| standard design solution in CAD | 8.3 |
| automated system | 1.1 |
| automated integrated system | 1.2 |
| local automation system | 7.2 |
| compatibility of automated systems | 3.3 |
| speaker compatibility | 3.3 |
| AC Compatibility Information | 3.6 |
| AU linguistic compatibility | 3.8 |
| AC metrological compatibility | 3.9 |
| organizational compatibility | 3.7 |
| AC software compatibility | 3.5 |
| AC compatibility technical | 3.4 |
| information compatibility of automated systems | 3.6 |
| linguistic compatibility of automated systems | 3.8 |
| metrological compatibility of automated systems | 3.9 |
| organizational compatibility of automated systems | 3.7 |
| software compatibility of automated systems | 3.5 |
| technical compatibility of automated systems | 3.4 |
| automated system message | 4.9 |
| AU message | 4.9 |
| maintenance of the automated system | 4.7 |
| AC support | 4.7 |
| SPO AS | 6.3 |
| information tool | 2.16 |
| stage of creating an automated system | 4.3 |
| stage of AS creation | 4.3 |
| TK on AC | 5.3 |
| TOU | 7.1 |
| level of scientific and technical automated system | 1.6 |
| USO | 6.1 |
| stability of an automated control system for military purposes | 9.1 |
| stability of ACCS | 9.1 |
| object communication device | 6.1 |
| automated system function | 1.3 |
| AC function | 1.3 |
| auxiliary function of the automated process control system | 7.5 |
| auxiliary function | 7.5 |
| function discrete process control system | 7.7 |
| discrete function of an automated process control system | 7.7 |
| information function of the automated process control system | 7.4 |
| function information process control system | 7.4 |
| function continuously performed by an automated process control system | 7.6 |
| function continuous process control system | 7.6 |
| function simple process control system | 7.8 |
| simple process control function | 7.8 |
| integral function of an automated process control system | 7.9 |
| function composite process control system | 7.9 |
| control function of an automated process control system | 7.3 |
| APCS control function | 7.3 |
| life cycle of an automated system | 4.1 |
| AC life cycle | 4.1 |
| stage of creating an automated system | 4.4 |
| stage of AS creation | 4.4 |
| automated system efficiency | 3.1 |
| AC efficiency | 3.1 |
| design language in CAD | 8.7 |
Alphabetical index of terms in English
| AS | 1.1 |
| AS adaptivity | 3.10 |
| AS anthropotechnical support | 2.11 |
| AS application software | 6.3 |
| AS automation means complex | 2.12 |
| AS compatibility | 3.3 |
| AS component | 2.13 |
| AS computer information base | 2.21 |
| AS contractor documentation | 5.5 |
| AS conversational mode | 4.11 |
| AS data compatibility level | 3.6 |
| AS design specification | 5.3 |
| AS efficiency | 3.1 |
| AS efficiency index | 3.2 |
| AS evolution | 4.6 |
| AS external information base | 2.20 |
| AS function | 1.3 |
| AS hardware | 2.5 |
| AS hardware compatibility | 3.4 |
| AS heave-duty software | 6.2 |
| AS information product | 2.17 |
| AS information support | 2.8 |
| AS input information | 6.4 |
| AS interaction | 4.8 |
| AS lifecycle | 4.1 |
| AS linguistic compatibility | 3.8 |
| AS linguistic support | 2.9 |
| AS maintenance | 4.7 |
| AS maintenance staff | 2.2 |
| AS making phase | 4.4 |
| AS making stage | 4.3 |
| AS manual mode | 4.12 |
| AS mathematical support | 2.6 |
| AS message | 4.9 |
| AS methodological support | 2.4 |
| AS metrological compatibility | 3.9 |
| AS noise immunity | 3.13 |
| AS normative-reference information | 6.7 |
| AS operation algorithm | 1.5 |
| AS organization level compatibility | 3.7 |
| AS organizational support | 2.3 |
| AS output information | 6.5 |
| AS problem | 1.4 |
| AS rapid information | 6.6 |
| AS reliability | 3.11 |
| AS sequence | 4.5 |
| AS software | 2.7 |
| AS software compatibility | 3.5 |
| AS survivability | 3.12 |
| AS technical project | 5.4 |
| AS user | 2.1 |
| automated system | 1.1 |
| automated workplace | 2.22 |
| auxiliary function of CPCS | 7.5 |
| CAD software-methodical complex | 8.8 |
| compound function of CPCS | 7.9 |
| continuous function of CPCS | 7.6 |
| control function of CPCS | 7.3 |
| DACS | 6.1 |
| data acquisition and control system | 6.1 |
| design decision | 8.2 |
| design algorithm | 8.6 |
| design language | 8.7 |
| discrete function of CPCS | 7.7 |
| documentation of AS | 5.1 |
| informational background of AS | 2.19 |
| information facility | 2.16 |
| information function of CPCS | 7.4 |
| integrated AS | 1.2 |
| local automatic system | 7.2 |
| maintenance documentation of AS | 5.6 |
| program product in AS | 2.15 |
| project document | 8.5 |
| simple function of CPCS | 7.8 |
| stability of military ACS | 9.1 |
| technical level of AS | 1.6 |
| technological control object | 7.1 |
| type design decision | 8.3 |
Attachment 1
Reference
General technical terms and explanations used in the field of automated systems
1. System:
A set of elements, united by links between them and having a certain integrity.
2. Automated process:
A process carried out with the joint participation of a person and automation tools.
3. Automatic process:
A process carried out without human intervention.
4. Information technology:
Techniques, methods and methods of using computer technology in the performance of the functions of collecting, storing, processing, transmitting and using data.
5. Purpose of activity:
Desired result of the activity process.
6. Performance criterion:
A ratio that characterizes the degree of achievement of the goal of the activity and takes on different numerical values depending on the impacts used on the object of activity or specific results of the activity.
7. Object of activity:
An object (process), the state of which is determined by the influences of a person (collective) arriving on it and, possibly, the external environment.
8. Algorithm:
A finite set of prescriptions for obtaining a solution to the problem through a finite number of operations.
9. Information model:
An object model presented in the form of information that describes the parameters and variables of the object that are essential for this consideration, the connections between them, the inputs and outputs of the object, and allows, by supplying information about changes in input values to the model, to model the possible states of the object.
10. Management:
A set of purposeful actions, including an assessment of the situation and the state of the control object, the choice of control actions and their implementation.
11. Automated production complex:
An automated complex that coordinates automated preparation of production, production itself and its management.
The sensitivity of modern color film
Compatibility of GOST, ASA, DIN units
ISO is a common European standard. The first digit is ASA sensitivity, the second is DIN ISO sensitivity.
DIN - German standard. Sensitivity values are indexed on a logarithmic scale.
ASA is an American standard. Sensitivity values are indexed on a linear scale.
GOST - Soviet standard. Sensitivity values are indexed on a linear scale. In the 1980s, the method for measuring photosensitivity was changed. In 1984, a new GOST was adopted. The sensitivity values in accordance with this GOST "ohm almost completely coincide with the values according to ASA.
The correspondence between the values of these standards is given in Table. 2.1.
Saturated colors and contrast for color films
There are contrasting black and white photographs, that is, there is contrast, but no color. High color saturation is the ability to convey opposite colors at the same time, such as bright red, bright blue and bright green, without blending them into gray. When shooting a bright red subject, the blue and green layers are not exposed, and the red color appears bright rather than faded.
GOST 24.103-84
AUTOMATED CONTROL SYSTEMS.
MAIN PROVISIONS
1. PURPOSE AND CLASSIFICATION FEATURES OF TYPES OF ACS
1.1. ACS is designed to ensure the effective functioning of the control object through automated performance of control functions.
The degree of automation of management functions is determined by the production need, the possibilities of formalizing the management process, and must be economically and/or socially justified.
1.2. The main classification features that determine the type of ACS are:
- scope of operation of the control object (industry, construction, transport, agriculture, non-industrial sector, etc.)
- type of controlled process (technological, organizational, economic, etc.);
- level in the public administration system, including the management of the national economy in accordance with the current sectoral management schemes (for industry: industry (ministry), all-union association, all-union industrial association, scientific and production association, enterprise (organization), production, workshop, site, technological unit).
2. FUNCTIONS, COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURES OF ACS
2.1. The functions of the automated control system are set in the terms of reference for the creation of a specific automated control system based on the analysis of management goals, the specified resources to achieve them, the expected effect of automation and in accordance with the standards applicable to this type of automated control system.
2.2. Each ACS function is implemented by a set of task complexes, individual tasks and operations.
2.3. The functions of the automated control system in the general case include the following elements (actions):
- planning and (or) forecasting;
- accounting, control, analysis;
- coordination and/or regulation.
The required composition of elements is selected depending on the type of a particular automated control system.
2.4. ACS functions can be combined into subsystems according to functional and other features.
GOST 24.104-85
Automated control systems control systems
General requirements
1.1.2. The commissioning of an automated control system should lead to useful technical, economic, social or other results, for example:
- reduction in the number of management personnel;
- improving the quality of the functioning of the control object;
- improving the quality of management, etc.
1.2.1. ACS in the required volumes should automatically perform:
- collection, processing and analysis of information (signals, messages, documents, etc.) about the state of the control object;
- development of control actions (programs, plans, etc.);
- transfer of control actions (signals, instructions, documents) for execution and its control;
- implementation and control of the implementation of control actions;
- exchange of information (documents, messages, etc.) with interconnected automated systems.
1.5.2. The ACS software should have the following properties:
- functional sufficiency (completeness);
- reliability (including recoverability, availability of error detection tools);
- adaptability;
- modifiability;
- modularity of construction and ease of use.
ADDITIONAL REQUIREMENTS FOR ACS BY ENTERPRISES, INDUSTRIAL AND SCIENTIFIC AND PRODUCTION ASSOCIATIONS
1. ACS should improve the efficiency of production and economic activities of enterprises, production or research and production associations (hereinafter referred to as enterprises).
2. ACS by an enterprise (APCS) should provide automated collection and processing of information with a wide use of optimization methods for the main tasks and control subsystems of the general plant and workshop level, including, if necessary, in real time in teleprocessing and dialogue mode.
3. The automated control system should be implemented as a set of jointly functioning subsystems, the interaction between which should occur through a common (single or distributed) database.
4. Organizational support of the automated control system should provide for the improvement of management methods and the structure of the enterprise management system during the creation and development of automated control systems.
GOST 34.003-90
Automated systems
Terms and Definitions
1. Automated systems. General concepts
|
1.1 automated system; AC: A system consisting of personnel and a set of means for automating its activities, realizing information technology for performing established functions. |
en automated system; AS |
|
Notes: |
|
|
1. Depending on the type of activity, for example, the following types of AS are distinguished: automated control systems (ACS), computer-aided design systems (CAD), automated research systems (ASNI), etc. 2. Depending on the type of controlled object (process), ACS is divided, for example, into ACS for technological processes (APCS), ACS for enterprises (APCS), etc. |
|
|
1.2 integrated automated system; IAS: A set of two or more interconnected ASs, in which the functioning of one of them depends on the results of the functioning of the other (others) so that this set can be considered as a single AS |
en integrated AS |
General technical terms and explanations used in the field of automated systems
- System:
A set of elements, united by links between them and having a certain integrity. - Automated process:
A process carried out with the joint participation of a person and automation tools. - Automatic process:
A process carried out without human intervention. - Information technology:
Techniques, methods and methods of using computer technology in the performance of the functions of collecting, storing, processing, transmitting and using data. - Purpose of activity:
Desired result of the activity process. - Performance criterion:
A ratio that characterizes the degree of achievement of the goal of the activity and takes on different numerical values depending on the impacts used on the object of activity or specific results of the activity. - Activity object:
An object (process), the state of which is determined by the influences of a person (collective) arriving on it and, possibly, the external environment. - Algorithm:
A finite set of prescriptions for obtaining a solution to the problem through a finite number of operations. - information model:
An object model presented in the form of information that describes the parameters and variables of the object that are essential for this consideration, the connections between them, the inputs and outputs of the object, and allows, by supplying information about changes in input values to the model, to model the possible states of the object. - Control:
A set of purposeful actions, including an assessment of the situation and the state of the control object, the choice of control actions and their implementation. - Automated production complex:
An automated complex that coordinates automated preparation of production, production itself and its management.
We also recommend
Business card templates free download without registration in Word
Abstract of entertainment in the form of a theatrical fairy tale "Teremok" (preparatory speech therapy group)
Presentation "spiritual and moral education of preschoolers" presentation on the topic Spiritual morality
Sigma 18 35mm f 1.8 art reviews. Dmitry Evtifeev's blog. Manufacturing and design
Scenario of the theatrical performance "fairy tale, fairy tale, fairy tale" Performances based on fairy tales
Creative presentation "I am a health teacher Creative presentation of the participant of the competition
Loading...