Donut production equipment. Donut business plan. Basic ingredients for making donuts

At a time when semi-finished products dominate the market, fresh and natural products are in increasing demand among consumers. Buyers are not even deterred by relatively high prices. As market research shows, people are willing to overpay for the quality and taste of "homemade" food. The same applies to such confectionery, familiar to many of us from childhood, like donuts.

Currently, these products are presented on the Russian market mainly in two forms: frozen donuts, which are simply reheated before being sold, and donuts made from foreign semi-finished products. In both cases, the taste of donuts is very different from home baking. And not for the better.

Therefore, the production of donuts can be a great idea to start your own business. However, before making a final decision and starting to search for investors, carefully study the market, analyze demand, evaluate all the advantages and disadvantages. On the Internet, you will find a large number of articles about the donut business. The authors of most of them claim that the cost of opening a retail outlet where donuts are supposed to be sold is small - up to 600 thousand rubles, and the profitability of this business exceeds 100%! Consumers, these articles argue, are nostalgic for the Soviet era, when donuts were produced on an industrial scale and sold by weight in numerous bakery shops. Therefore, undoubtedly, buyers will be delighted with the numerous points of sale of fresh donuts at a democratic price, therefore, the authors conclude, this business has excellent prospects and opportunities for development.

In fact, the future of the donut business is not as rosy as it seems at first glance. Let's start with the fact that the bakery and confectionery segment is developing very rapidly, and the competition here is very high. Just finding your narrow niche and presenting the widest possible range of high quality products is no longer enough to get around the numerous competitors that have been operating in this market for a long time. In various business plans, three main types of donut sales are given: on the street (in mobile stalls), in shopping centers in a “narrowly themed” cafe. A cafe that sells only donuts, as well as various types of drinks, is difficult to regard as a serious business idea. For such an establishment to be profitable, the assortment of confectionery and bakery products should be much wider, and not limited to donuts alone. The format of trade in a car stall is of greater interest. Numerous large fast food chains using mobile stalls bring good profits. However, even in this case, the question arises whether such a network can survive on a single product. Like pancakes, donuts come in a variety of fillings. But unlike the first, there are not so many options for confectionery fillings: chocolate, cream, caramel, berry, more exotic types - coffee, jelly, etc. It is impossible to imagine donuts stuffed with meat or cheese. All this significantly narrows your target audience. And if we take into account the fact that women prefer sweets, most of whom at the same time try to keep their figure, then high-calorie and, frankly, not very healthy donuts are not the most popular product in the assortment of a street fast food stall. Compared to other bakery and confectionery products, donuts have a serious drawback: it is desirable to eat them warm. Moreover, even after reheating, donuts often lose some of their taste properties. In addition, people prefer to eat sweet products with tea or coffee, which is difficult to do on the go.

For this reason, a donut shop in a large shopping center in the mini-cafeteria format (with tables and chairs) is the best option, which is overshadowed only by the refusal of many stores to host such a production on their territory. Donut fryers produce strong fumes and an unpleasant smell of oil (especially if it is reused to save money). As a solution to this problem, donut manufacturers install at the point of extraction, but this option is not optimal. A powerful hood is too expensive, and budget models do not allow you to completely get rid of the fumes.

Installing a car stall with all the equipment necessary for baking donuts (dough mixer, dough proofer, deep fryer, etc.) will cost about 250-300 thousand rubles. There are also cheaper options, which, however, are less efficient. These mobile bakeries produce over 150 donuts per hour. To service a small point, two or three people per shift are enough. Opening a trade pavilion on the territory of the store will cost at least 350-400 thousand rubles, and even then, subject to the purchase of Russian-made equipment in the basic configuration. Expect that the total amount will be an order of magnitude higher, because in any case you will have to buy more equipment (a dispenser for one type of filling will cost 100 thousand rubles, and there can be about ten types of fillings).

With all the disadvantages of opening an outlet selling donuts alone, this format has certain advantages. Equipment manufacturers and distributors provide customers with the necessary flow charts, production recipes and training materials. For an additional fee, you can contact the supplier's technologist for advice, who will train your staff to work in the bakery.

Some domestic entrepreneurs have chosen a different format for running a donut business - a confectionery shop. They produce donuts, but at the first stages they do not sell them on their own, but deliver them to various cafes, restaurants and shops. The main requirements for such products are: freshness, excellent taste, attractive appearance of each product and original packaging. For baking donuts, you can use special automated equipment, which includes a dough mixing machine, deep fryers with built-in proofers, a dividing and rounding machine, filling dispensers, a mixer, and an enrobing machine. Automatic equipment allows you to minimize time costs and minimize manual labor. True, such a full-cycle line with a capacity of 700-800 donuts per hour is quite expensive - about 2.5-3 million rubles. Add to this the cost of equipment for storing raw materials (cold storage) and finished products. In addition, to accommodate such a line, a room with an area of at least 30 square meters is required. meters. The total area of the confectionery shop, taking into account storage and utility rooms, will be about 100 square meters. meters. The main conditions are the availability of sewerage, water and electricity supply.

In addition to high costs, there is another drawback of this production option: ready-made donuts in this case will be more similar in appearance and taste to donuts. The second production option involves only partial automation of the donut manufacturing process. It turns out to be more costly both in terms of production time and human resources. But it allows you to significantly save on equipment: it can be assembled "in parts", which will be significantly cheaper than buying a finished line. Of course, the productivity in this case will be much less, but quite sufficient for the first year or two of your work. Such production produces donuts of several types (from five to ten) in various price categories. The main raw materials for making donuts are flour, margarine, eggs, sugar, yeast (plus ingredients for making fillings, icing, fillers).

Donuts can be delivered to various pastry shops, restaurants, coffee shops, cafeterias. The manufacturer sets the purchase price and minimum quantity per purchase (for example, 50 donuts for two days). At the same time, the retail price at which donuts are sold directly in the cafe is not regulated in any way. The only requirement that donut manufacturers make to their partners is to keep the brand name on their products. For this, branded napkins, marker flags are used, which are stuck into donuts that are sold individually, or packages with corporate design and manufacturer's contacts when buying donuts by weight.

Such companies also work with end users, but mainly through the Internet. They are actively engaged in promotion in social networks, take orders through their own website. The minimum order size is, as a rule, from six pieces (so many donuts fit in one cardboard box). With a certain order quantity, donuts are delivered free of charge.

To organize such a confectionery, it will take from 1.5-2 million rubles. This amount includes rent of premises, equipment, purchase of raw materials, website development, packaging (paper bags, cardboard boxes, plastic containers), printing of labels, stickers, flags, business cards or leaflets. Be prepared to pay production costs for the first 2-3 months of operation until your business starts generating a steady income sufficient to cover costs. With the production and sale of about 1000 donuts per week, the company's profit will be 200 thousand rubles. At first, you can work in production on your own, but later you will need pastry bakers who will work in shifts (the bakery works 18-20 hours a day). Also, you can not do without a technologist (part-time production manager). Try to constantly expand the range of your products by introducing new fillings and fillers. With the production and sale of 1000 donuts a day (which is quite possible, but only on the scale of a large city with a population of over a million people), your company's turnover will be about one million rubles per month.

One of the directions for further development of the company may be the opening of its own trading network.

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- portal of business plans and guidelines

Producing food is a rather difficult business due to the high risks and requirements for the products produced. For example, when making nails, you can put off the finished product for at least years, and then sell it to a big client in one fell swoop - the goods, after all, do not deteriorate. Donuts are another matter - if you do not sell them while they are still hot, then the product will no longer be so attractive and tasty for the buyer, which means you will not get the desired effect and profit from your products. For this reason, before starting production, you need to find customers and agree on the supply of donuts. Only when you have a signed contract for a certain number of donuts in your hands, you can start production, and until that moment you have to look for customers everywhere. Do not think that it will be too difficult, there is almost no competition in our market in the field of donuts, because the population is used to a little other products and small businesses most often aim at these areas - baking rolls, bread, cakes and so on. We will take a slightly different path.

According to statistics, approximately 30% of grocery stores are ready to sell donuts and they have a constant demand for these products, but the Russian market produces exactly half as many donuts as the consumer wants. That is, the competition is insignificant and you can easily start a business, and then develop it to a whole network. Making donuts is a very unusual business idea, but the iPhone was once a novelty, and now it brings in billions. Let's also try to make money on our idea, albeit not so much money.

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How to open a donut factory: the first steps

For starters, we'll just make donuts, and we'll sell them through grocery stores, so you don't have to worry about the location of production. Prices in shopping centers, and indeed in the center of the city, are simply going through the roof and can raise the cost of our products by three or four times, which, of course, does not suit us - you can break into the market only thanks to inexpensive and high-quality products. We advise you to find a room away from the city center, somewhere on the outskirts. A room of 30-40 square meters is ideal, here it is convenient to install equipment and racks for finished products. Try to find a room for 20-25 thousand rubles a month, this is ideal for a new business.

First of all, the premises need to be repaired in order to pass inspections from various authorities. Repair the pipeline for the normal operation of the sewer, change the cables to new ones, install a fire alarm. Without these elements, you simply will not be allowed to engage in any production, because at any moment your enterprise may catch fire. Only after that you can start cosmetic repairs, paint the walls, ceiling and put the room in order. You should not invest heavily in this process, after all, customers will not see the beauty of the patterns on your walls, but it should also be pleasant and convenient for the staff to work here. Repair of the premises, including the replacement of pipes and cables, will cost us 16 thousand rubles.

When the premises are in working condition, it is possible to pass inspections of the sanitary and epidemiological station, obtain permission to produce food and obtain permission from the fire inspectorate. At this stage, you must also take care of obtaining all the papers from the tax office, because we must work legally and pay taxes. Surely, you are still new to this business and you yourself will collect documents for several weeks, thereby pushing back the work of your enterprise. Pay a professional firm and it will collect all the documents in 3 days, the price is 3 thousand rubles.

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We are looking forward to opening a small production, so we will not immediately purchase a bunch of equipment. We will analyze the donut production process, after which we will calculate how much equipment is needed and how much it will cost us. We need a lot of dough from which donuts will be prepared, since for payback we need to produce a lot of products. The mixer for the production of dough will cost us 25 thousand rubles, it can produce enough consumables to produce 800 donuts a day. It seems to be not much, but it needs to be sold.

After the dough is ready, it must be filled into a special device for the production of donuts. The devices differ in the speed of work and in the size of the product, we will choose the most optimal one: it produces about 1000 donuts a day, Russian-made, the price is about 35 thousand rubles. That way we don't spend a lot of money on a foreign machine that makes the same output but costs 3 times as much, and still have a production reserve for the future.

After the machine creates the donut shape, it needs to be baked in the oven. Again, calculate production so that your oven produces about a thousand donuts a day - it makes no sense to buy a more powerful oven, the power simply will not be used. When the donuts and stoves are taken away, they just need to be decorated and can be sent to the buyer. We will decorate donuts on special tables that do not conduct heat well - as long as the donuts lie on them, they will not cool down. The cost of the stove is 20 thousand rubles, two tables for decorating products - 12 thousand rubles.

When buying equipment, it is also worth buying racks where finished products will be stored, and small inventory like spoons, sieves, scabbards, shovels, and so on. We don’t need a lot of shelving, two will be enough, and also count inventory based on the number of staff and goals. Racks will cost 12 thousand, inventory 5 thousand rubles. And that's where the equipment ends.

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We select the right staff for the production of donuts

Our company needs two employees - one will decorate donuts, and the other will be directly involved in the production of products. These two processes are closely related to each other, so that the staff will, if possible, help each other in completing a certain stage. Finding people who can cook donuts is actually very simple, because the process is semi-automatic and only the delivery of material from one device to another depends on the worker.

The technologist will be the main in production, he will carry out the dough from kneading to baking. This person must understand all the subtleties of production and know how to work with equipment. Finding a professional can take a little time, but if you constantly make inquiries on the labor exchange, then you will get the right person. The salary is 20 thousand rubles a month.

The second worker will be a donut designer who will give the products an appetizing look. Donuts are sprinkled with chocolate, sprinkled with powder, and so on, our worker must be able to do this and at the same time have imagination in order to come up with something new and interesting. The salary is 15 thousand rubles a month, sometimes the designer will need to be sent to advanced training courses.

Donut Manufacturing: Cost and Income Business Plan

First of all, we will calculate the costs of the new business. We need to renovate the premises, register a company, buy a dough mixer, a donut maker and an oven, tables for decorating and shelves for storing products, as well as small inventory. All together it will cost us 128 thousand rubles. These are capital expenses, it takes 55 thousand per month to operate, plus the purchase of materials for cooking.

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Now let's talk about the income of your company. During the shift, the shop will be able to produce 800 donuts, which immediately need to be sold to the client. We sell donuts to the client at a price of 10 rubles per piece, the cost of one donut is 3 rubles. It turns out that the net profit per day will be 5600 rubles or 168 thousand rubles per month. Subtracting the cost of wages and rent and taxes, we get about 100 thousand rubles in net profit. The main thing is that you need to arrange deliveries to grocery stores and retail outlets at bus stations and railway stations, where the number of customers always rolls over, and your products will be in great demand.

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Donuts are considered the perfect fast food, but this is not surprising. “Donuts? They have always been, - fast food expert Kazimir Polyansky is sure. - Judge for yourself, what could be easier than their preparation? It is only necessary to lower the ball of dough into boiling oil for a couple of minutes. This dish is traditionally referred to as Polish cuisine. However, in one form or another, their recipes are found among different peoples of the world. And in fact, these are beignets, and bunuelos, and makrud, and donuts. There are more than 100 titles in total.

It is known that donuts were loved by the Polish King August III and King Frederick the Great of Prussia. American cops love them. They are enjoyed by French students and Moscow drivers. "In other words, selling donuts as a business idea may well be successful. And when answering a question, I often think about donuts, - says expert Igor Malyugin, analyst of the startup community. “True, this requires a competent approach to this matter.”

Don't be afraid of competitors

Since donuts are both cheap and easy to prepare, choosing a location for a donut shop is of paramount importance. On the other hand, it is hardly worth listening to advice like "the ideal place is MEGA". “I always read such wishes with irony,” says businessman Sergey Smirnov, owner of the Most Delicious Donuts in the World cafe. - It's like advising you to open a fast food point on Red Square. Simply put, where there is traditionally crowded, there are already competitors.

On the other hand, everything is here, like everyone else: if a novice entrepreneur has a margin of safety, or rather the necessary funds that allow him to work at a loss for some time, then you can try to force out a competitor. “Indeed, this entrepreneurship is doomed to competition from the very beginning,” Igor Malyugin is convinced. - Findings that if this place already has fast food outlet, so there is nothing to do here, they are wrong. Moreover, competition is the engine of progress.”

First of all, you need to find out the weak points of an already working donut shop, for example, an untidy saleswoman, uncomfortable tables, and so on. Thus, the task for starting a parallel fast food outlet, as a rule, comes down to creating a more favorable image, including due to an incomparably lower price than that of a competitor. “It is possible that for the first time even a security guard will be required,” says Sergey Smirnov. “At the same time, after the victory, it will be easy to “recapture” all expenses.” However, you can look for crowded places where there are no fast food outlets. According to forum member nahler-kd, “oddly enough, there are such territories even in the capital, for example, near bus stops with high traffic or institutions.”

Starting a donut business

If the theater starts with a hanger, then the new donut shop starts with a name. “Here you need to show imagination, but not overdo it,” advises Igor Malyugin. - The name, for example, should "cling" a passer-by walking along the sidewalk. In any case, the sign must be clearly visible, easy to read, with an interesting plot and not the same as everyone around. In particular, the expert cites the story of one fast-food startup, in which an aspiring entrepreneur took a picture of the street where he planned to open his outlet, and then, using Photoshop, made many options for his cafe. He did not like any of them because they did not stand out from the general background. Only in the third place did he see what he wanted - a "bright spot" on a gray city street.

Sergey Smirnov advises starting with a small fryer, for example. They cost about 9 thousand rubles. However, according to him, it is necessary to take a closer look at hand-operated donut machines, in particular, with a price tag of 95 thousand rubles. In an hour, up to 300 donuts can be cooked on such equipment. Those who do not want to spend time on manual labor should purchase an automatic machine. As for the cost of equipment in general, forum member Denis answered this question:

“Equipment for the production of donuts costs 85 thousand rubles. It is a conveyor-type fryer with a capacity of up to 300 pcs. at one o'clock. Fully automatic. Depending on the place of trade, you may need: a thermal display case - 15,000 rubles, an automatic machine with tea, coffee - up to 30,000 rubles, a refrigerated chest - 20,000 rubles.

Irina Konina from the Moscow region calculated the cost of opening a donut shop, taking into account the repair of the rented premises. “I rented a room opposite the bus station, and repaired it in accordance with SNiP 23-01-99,” Irina shares her experience. - A cafe with 15 seats selling up to 3,000 donuts a day cost me 600,000 rubles. Bought back in 11 months. There are absolutely zero days, and there is such an influx that we can’t cope.”

Equipment for making and selling donuts

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Sergei Smirnov answered the correspondent's questions.

If you had the opportunity, would you take this job?

It's hard to answer. There are many problems, but if there is no normal work, your small business is the only way out. Well, selling donuts as a business idea is one of the best start options. At the same time, the most annoying are the inspectors, who “nightmare” the business. Now I'm thinking of expanding the recipe. I calculate everything, and when I started, I hoped for a chance.

What is success donut business?

Oddly enough, taste. No matter what skeptics tell me, they say, even standard donuts are in demand, I know from experience that even from the other side of the city they go for a tasty product. And yet, we often change the oil, although this is a chore. But no one will say that we have a solid carcinogen. It also works for the image.

What are your plans?

In the near future, expand the assortment so that the donut shop becomes more attractive. Then I want to sell it for more. I think it's still a women's business.

Despite the fact that donuts are not a traditional dish of Russian national cuisine, the popularity of these finished dough products can hardly be overestimated. There is always a demand for donuts, as they are rarely cooked at home, they are tasty and fresh, have an appetizing look and low cost. Bright, hot, crunchy and fragrant donuts are the best for a hearty snack outside the home.

Perhaps that is why the idea is so tempting for entrepreneurs - to buy a donut maker and start making money selling these confectionery products.

How can you make money on donuts

The implementation of the business idea for the sale of donuts should begin with an assessment of your own resources. First of all, the entrepreneur must determine:

the potential of existing retail and industrial space;
the volume of own working capital and the possibility of obtaining credit resources;
availability of qualified personnel.

Depending on all this, a businessman can either trade from a stall, or open a donut kiosk, or organize a donut cafe.

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Business from scratch

If, at the start of a donut business, an entrepreneur has neither his own space, nor large funds, nor employees, then you can start trading donuts according to the most budgetary business plan: purchase an inexpensive donut machine, cook the product at home and trade from a tray.

To implement this idea, you only need your own labor and a small start-up capital (the device can be purchased for 25 thousand rubles).

At this stage, it is important to follow the recipe and trade in quality goods, since a novice entrepreneur will not be able to attract buyers with anything other than delicious donuts and quality service.

medium format

If a businessman has an amount of about 50 thousand rubles. and the ability to support employees, then the format of such a business as the production of donuts for selling them from a window becomes available.

Showcases can be installed in rented areas in shops and shopping centers, or equipped with donut kiosks.

The donuts themselves can also be baked on small production lines.

The businessman's expenses are increased by rent payments and the maintenance of working personnel. But the turnover also increases due to the opportunity to profitably present your product, as well as through the sale of hot and cold drinks.

donut organization

To do business in this format, it makes sense to think about donuts.

Today, there are several franchisors in Russia, cooperation with which allows you to get good profits. These are brands such as:

American "Dunkin' Donuts" and "Krispy Kreme";
Russian "Lenchik-Donut" and "Those same donuts".

Acquiring an American franchise will cost a Russian entrepreneur $80,000. The Russian franchise will cost at least 10 thousand US dollars.

This is the amount of necessary investments, due to which:

employee training;
adjustment of all production cycles;
purchase of equipment;
production of starter marketing materials.

But even if you are ready to invest 80 thousand US dollars in a cafe, then there is a high probability that the franchisor will refuse to sell the franchise. The reason is the lack of the necessary sales market in the region.

Important! Reputable franchisors value their reputation, and if, according to their information, the donut shop cannot reach self-sufficiency within the stated period, most often it is 1.5 years, then no one will sell the franchise to the entrepreneur.

Therefore, before opening or opening your own donut shop, experts advise ordering a marketing research and only having received positive conclusions, plan investments.

Acquisition of equipment for a donut shop

Donuts are of two types:

rings;
round donuts with filling inside (Berliners);

Rings and donuts can be additionally glazed, can be decorated with a variety of confectionery decorations.

All this requires debugging production processes, which in a donut shop should be automated as much as possible.

The simplest equipment is a device for the production of donut rings.

Its cost is about 2 thousand US dollars. Capacity up to 400 donuts per hour.

Equipment for Berliners is more expensive. The production kit includes

industrial mixer;
divider-rounder, which forms blanks for berliners from dough;
proofing cabinet (Berliners are made from yeast dough and a cabinet is needed for the dough to rise);
fryer;
apparatus for jigging the filling;
glazing machine.

A complete automated complex can cost more than 1 million rubles.

Today, domestic donut equipment sets are in demand, since their prices and quality are the most acceptable for starting an independent business. But you need to purchase equipment only from trusted suppliers.

Donut business profitability

If you are thinking about how to open a donut shop from scratch, you should understand that the implementation of this project will require significant costs, despite the fact that its payback period is at least 2 years. This period increases significantly if the donut shop is opened on credit, on which interest must be paid.

To evaluate the effectiveness of this business idea, you need to develop a donut business plan with calculations. The sample data below will help you in compiling it.

Starting costs for organizing a business will be about 3 million rubles. This amount includes the purchase of equipment, renovation of the premises, the conclusion of contracts with suppliers and the purchase of the first batch of raw materials.

The monthly cost of maintaining a donut shop will be approximately 180 thousand rubles. This includes:

100 thousand rubles – salary of 3 employees;
30 thousand rubles. - rental of premises;
35 thousand rubles. - the cost of producing 200 kg of donuts;
15 thousand rubles. – and mandatory fees.

The monthly sale of 200 kg of donuts (4000 pieces) will bring an income of about 200 thousand rubles. (the cost of one donut without filling is about 50 rubles). About 100 thousand rubles. can be obtained from the sale of drinks. Additional income will be provided by the service of decorating, packing and delivering donuts.

Thus, a month, an entrepreneur will be able to earn money to pay current expenses, as well as return up to 150 thousand rubles, which is 5% of the initial investment. With such indicators, the business will pay off in 20 months.

The food market is developing and growing more and more, new directions are emerging. Much comes from the West, as does the lucrative donut culture. How to open a donut shop from scratch? We will consider the donut manufacturing business in detail, having calculated the costs required to open it, determining the profitability of this business and choosing the best project management strategy in terms of optimality.

We analyze the market

Immediately analyze the market in your area. Now this delicacy is gaining its popularity, remaining a great option for a quick bite to eat on the road. Efficiency of preparation classifies donuts as fast food, and the main sales formats of the product are tied to this.

Most often, donut establishments already have some stock of ready-made dishes, but they also cook to order. Donuts are sweet, despite the variety of fillings.

And they are different: chocolate icing, chocolate pieces, powdered sugar, fruit icing, caramel and so on. Donuts are valued for their soft dough, moreover, they remain hot when sold. Do not forget that along with the main dishes, it is also important to sell drinks as well.

It remains to be added that it is worth opening this project with the expectation mainly of a children's and teenage audience, as well as young people, because adults and the elderly do not particularly recognize such delicacies.

Key features and benefits

When developing your own donut business, it is important to understand what features should be emphasized. Donut - and it is the efficiency of cooking that is an important feature.

In the pluses, you can bring the modernity and youth of the direction, use in the general concept of the institution modern fashion trends that are popular specifically with an audience of 30 years and below. Other advantages:

a huge number of ideas in terms of compiling the menu of the institution;
sufficient proximity to the buyer due to the average cost of one dish;
the possibility of opening an institution almost anywhere in the city;
rather low competition;
interest in the most effective money-making audience.

Choose the format of the institution

There are several formats in this direction, each of which has its pros and cons. Let's consider each:

The donut stand is a standard donut shop, set apart from the rest of the buildings in a walkable area. Products are baked right on the spot to order, and fresh hot served in a special package to the buyer. Donuts are sold along with drinks, which will also have to be purchased in bulk. Some stall owners also buy delicacies from the workshops and sell them in the city.
Kiosk on wheels - has the ability to move from one crowded place to another, analyzing profitability at different points and collecting the most profit. Do not forget that a mobile kiosk is a machine, albeit a non-standard one, and therefore you will have to spend extra money on its maintenance and fuel.
Donut Cafe - is just a room in the building, divided into commercial and industrial areas. In the case of a cafe, not only donuts and drinks can be sold, but also similar pastries like cookies or gingerbread. This, by the way, will solve the problem with the rest of the dough, because cookies can be stored for a long time before they are sold.
A workshop with the search for partners - you can make a delicacy without selling it at retail. If you find long-term cooperation in advance, then by preparing whole batches of products, you will be able to supply them in bulk to cafes and shops. The money will be spent exclusively on renting a workshop and purchasing the necessary equipment, as well as raw materials. But there is a risk of not finding partners.

There is also the option of buying a franchise - the right to open a business under someone else's brand. Franchising makes it possible to start with an already established reputation and a ready-made format of work, but at the same time you will have to follow the basic rules of the company.

Registering a project

To open a donut project, you need to collect documents and register the business officially. The production and sale of food products is the most controlled area of business, so it is important to comply with all requirements and conditions.

First of all, you will have to register an individual entrepreneur or LLC. In the case of opening a kiosk, cafe or stall, a novice entrepreneur should stop at an individual entrepreneur - he will give all the necessary conditions for the sale of products.

Opening an LLC is more difficult, longer and more expensive, but it will allow you to open a project already on an industrial scale with the possibility of concluding agreements directly with legal entities. You will also have to switch to an LLC in case of expanding the business to a whole network. Among other things, the production of donuts requires obtaining special permits from Rospotrebnadzor, the fire service and the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station, which include the provision of:

premises and equipment agreed with the services;
developed technical instructions;
approved cooking recipe;
conclusions on hygiene from the SES.

Use advice from different authorities to avoid any problems in the future.

Choosing a site for production and sales

If you choose a standard donut stand, then you should find a crowded place, preferably near institutes or college campuses, or directly near the subway and inside parks.

A mobile kiosk, of course, has a nice bonus in the form of the ability to move around, but you should not use this opportunity too often, because the buyer needs to know exactly where your establishment is located.

If we are talking about a cafe, then it is definitely worth placing it on tourist routes in the city center. Of course, the rent is quite high, but the payback is much higher. You can try to locate inside business centers, but it is better for beginners to forget about shopping centers - there is too much competition and high costs.

Being engaged in the opening of a small industrial workshop, if possible, it is worth leaving the city altogether in order to reduce the rent for the premises. The main thing is that the transport hub is sufficiently developed. On average, you will need about 100-130 square meters for the installation of equipment and the location of utility rooms for workers.

We buy equipment

As in the previous paragraph, there is a direct dependence on the format. In the case of kiosks, you can limit yourself to purchasing mini-equipment, but for industrial sales, you will need a whole production line. In any case, you will have to think in advance what specific format your products will be: donuts or donuts.

The former often include round-shaped donuts, which are also often called Berliners, while donuts are donuts-rings. Also, purchases depend on the assortment you choose for the menu: you will probably need a icing machine and a filling machine. Basically, they buy the following equipment for the production of donuts:

Donation machine.
Industrial or conventional mixer.
Form for blanks for Berliners.
Cabinet for raising dough pieces.
Fryer.
Filling machine.
Glazing machine.

Obviously, the calculations will also have to include the purchase of disposable tableware for customers or packages for further sale in stores. In addition, the cafe will need to buy furniture for the trading floor, a counter and multiple racks, tables and cabinets for cooks, dishes and equipment necessary for cooks.

We buy raw materials for cooking

Finding a supplier of products is easy and it is possible to negotiate the supply of several products even with one organization. You will need to purchase the following ingredients:

flour;
vanillin;
yeast;
baking powder;
vegetable oil;
granulated sugar;
eggs;
milk;
glaze;
various fillers.

Some of the options on the menu will come with toppings, so it's worth calculating in advance how often each item will start selling and how much filling or topping you need.

Recruiting staff

In order to run a business correctly, it is necessary to enlist the support of several people, from which a staff, albeit small, will be formed. Depending on the size and format, more or less people will be needed. As a standard for a kiosk, a cook, a salesman and a foreman are recruited to take care of the equipment.

For a cafe, the minimum required is two chefs and two salesmen, a security guard and a technologist. In addition, you need a marketer, if possible an accountant. For the shop, you will have to take about six workers, a couple of foremen, shop and warehouse guards, and a driver.

The owner of the project should be the chief director, so that he periodically visits the enterprise to control the profitability of the business, the progress of work and the situation on the market.

Video: how to open a donut shop?

We determine profitability

As an example, we will take a project that makes donuts in a separate workshop and sells them at 200 kilos per month in a standard kiosk in a large regional city, as well as delivering them to other organizations.

	*Expense line*	*Amount of expenses, thousand rubles*
1	Kiosk rental	30
2	Workshop space rental	50
3	Purchase of equipment and furniture	1 500
4	Public utilities	10
5	Paperwork	15
6	Kiosk staff salary	50
7	Workshop staff wages	100
8	Marketing Campaign	20
9	Purchase of raw materials for the preparation of donuts and drinks	60
10	Unexpected expenses	15
	Total:	1 850

On average, a monthly sale of 200 kilos brings an income of 200 thousand rubles. Additional sale of drinks and delivery to shops or cafes will bring in a whole another 200 thousand. The net profit is about 150-170 thousand, which will allow the project to pay off in about a year.

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