Small bakery business. How to open a bakery from scratch. Relevance and prospects

The aroma of fresh baked goods, warm bread with a crispy crust - all this brings back amazing and pleasant memories from childhood. But supermarket owners know for sure that this smell also makes visitors make spontaneous purchases, and therefore they are happy to rent out space for small bakeries. Considering that hot bread and delicious pastries are quickly sold out, we can say with confidence: this business can and should be profitable. How to open a mini-bakery? It's not that simple. You will need financial investments, you will need to collect a considerable package of documents, but the result will be worth it: this business is one of the highly profitable ones.

What and how will we bake?

The first thing you need to decide on when preparing to open a mini-bakery is the most convenient format for its operation. You can organize a full cycle production, or you can limit yourself to baking using semi-finished products. The advantage of the first method is a wide assortment that can be constantly changed and supplemented, however, investments will also be required that are more significant than in the second case. If you choose the second method of organizing production, then the choice of products that you can sell to customers will largely depend on what suppliers of semi-finished products offer you.

Another important question that will have to be decided is what kind of bakery products you plan to make. To do this, you need to study the market and answer important questions:

• Are there other bakeries nearby?
• Who supplies bread to nearby stores?
• Are there coffee shops, cafes, restaurants, or culinary shops nearby that you could offer baked goods to?

It is important to know that the production of baked goods is much more profitable than baking regular bread: in this case, you will have to compete with large factories that have been working in this market for a long time and feel confident.

To find “your” customers, your bakery needs its own style, and original baked goods based on exclusive recipes, made only by you, will help you create it.

We select and renovate the premises

A mini-bakery combined with a sales area should be located in a crowded place with high traffic. A good option is on the territory of an existing shopping center or supermarket. You can stay in a separate room, but there should be transport stops, offices, institutions, shopping and entertainment centers nearby. But there shouldn’t be any competitors nearby - so you need to take the study of the area more than seriously.

The area of ​​the premises for production and sales of products can be 80–150 square meters. meters - this will be enough to accommodate everything you need.

Important! According to sanitary standards, the bakery should under no circumstances be located in the basement.

The next stage is renovation: the bakery area must be brought into strict compliance with sanitary and epidemiological requirements:

We prepare documents

To start an activity, you need to register an enterprise. The most suitable form of ownership for the production and sale of bakery products is c (if local regulations allow this, then).

To sell your products at retail, you will need a cash register; you need to purchase it and register it with the tax office.

But the collection of necessary papers does not end there, but only begins. Working with food requires compliance with sanitary standards and obtaining a large number of permits. Among them:

• permission from Rospotrebnadzor to locate food production;
• conclusion of the Fire Supervision Authority on compliance with fire safety requirements;
• sanitary and hygienic conclusion for the bakery premises and the finished products produced there;
• certificates of conformity for all products sold;
• product certificates;
• approved production control program;
• contracts for waste removal and recycling of fluorescent lamps;
• agreements with relevant organizations for carrying out disinfestation and deratization, as well as disinfection measures in relation to the bakery premises, its ventilation system, and, if necessary, for disinfection of the delivery vehicle;
• laundry agreement;
• all necessary internal sanitary logs;
• health records for all bakery personnel.

Having completed the collection and execution of all documents, you can move on to the next stage.

Purchase of equipment and products

To withstand all the necessary production technologies, the mini-bakery will need to install the following equipment:

• flour sifter;
• dough sheeter;
• refrigerated chest;
• kneading machine;
• molding machine;
• proofing cabinet;
• bake;
• racks for storing finished products.

In addition, you will need display cases for selling bakery products and a standard set of office furniture and equipment.

The main raw material that any bakery works with is, of course, premium flour. To store it, special conditions must be created, so it will not be possible to create large stocks: you will have to negotiate with wholesalers on regular deliveries.

The remaining ingredients are eggs, milk, yeast, sugar, salt, spices, jams, nuts, etc. – purchased in small quantities in accordance with the recipe of flour products.

Mini bakery staff

In this business, if not everything, then a lot depends on the staff. Baking is a very difficult matter; it requires strict adherence to recipes, adherence to proportions, and the sequence of stages of the technological process. A small mistake can lead to big troubles - damage to an entire batch of products, so you need to hire professional and responsible employees.

First of all, this concerns the main person in the bakery – the technologist. He will have to develop the recipe and control how accurately it is followed. In addition, several bakers will be needed - their number may vary, depending on production capacity and operating mode, usually 2-4 people.

There will also be a need for salespeople working in shifts and cleaners. You can hire a specialist to do accounting, but in most cases it makes more sense to outsource.

If you plan to deliver products to catering establishments and retail outlets, you will need a driver, loaders and packers.

Sales organization

When organizing the production process, we must not forget about the search for sales markets. To attract retail customers to your bakery store, you will need a bright sign, advertising posters in places where your potential customers are in large numbers, leaflets and promoters who will hand them out.

But if you want a stable profit, you should also look for wholesale buyers: cafes, coffee shops, shops, offices, buffets. Better yet, enter into agreements with wholesalers who will buy part of the products and sell them in their own retail outlets.

However, a small coffee shop with two or three tables can also be organized in a bakery, if the space allows, to offer visitors warm buns and aromatic drinks right on the spot.

We calculate income and expenses

To answer the question of how much it costs to open a bakery, let’s calculate all the costs, one-time and permanent.

• Renovating the premises will cost 150–200 thousand rubles.
• Furniture and equipment – ​​industrial and commercial – will cost from 1.2 million rubles and more.
• Rent, utility bills and staff salaries will cost 220–250 thousand rubles per month.
• Monthly purchase of raw materials – from 350 thousand rubles and above.

This means that you can start opening a full-cycle bakery with about one and a half million for “one-time” investments, and more than half a million for monthly expenses.

When drawing up a business plan for a mini-bakery, you need to take into account that from 0.5 to 1.3 tons of finished products can be produced there per day. The profitability of baking muffins and buns is 50–60%, so a bakery can pay for itself in one and a half to two years. But the profitability of bread production is much lower - about 20%, so if it becomes the main product, it will be possible to talk about returning the invested funds only three years later.

If you are interested in maximum return on investment, bread should be produced only as an addition to the basic assortment and only if there is a stable demand for it.

The first Khlebnichnaya bakery was opened in January 2016 on the street. Blucher. Today the network consists of 14 retail outlets that operate in Yekaterinburg and Chelyabinsk; the company plans to launch a bakery in Perm by the end of January.

Good cause

Before starting to develop the “” bakery chain together with a partner, he supplied equipment to retail chains throughout Russia. However, due to changes in the market, the business had to be abandoned. “The retail market was changing, there were fewer and fewer retailers, local chains were slowly leaving the market,” says Mr. Kazakov. In fact, there remains the opportunity to work only with two well-known networks, and it is almost impossible to make money on such a market.”

As a result, it was decided to leave the equipment trade and choose a new direction. As Ilya Kazakov says, one of the main criteria for the future business was that it corresponded not to the B2B model, but to the B2C model, that is, it was consumer-oriented:

“The essence of my previous business was that first the owner bears all the costs, supplies and installs the equipment, and receipt of payment under the contract is postponed until later; this is normal practice in working with networks.

Producing bread is a good thing. This is not selling vodka, it is not lending money at 1000%. From a moral point of view, this is one of the most pleasant businesses. In addition, almost everyone eats baked goods: grandmothers, the middle class, and rich people, which means the market is large. In general, the bread market is now in a very interesting state: we are moving away from centralized supplies of bread, as was the case in Soviet times, and are moving towards a market for the consumption of fresh, hot bread.”

Ilya Kazakov admits that you won’t become rich by selling bread, but this is a business that can slowly make a profit every day, regardless of the weather in the yard and the various crises that are so popular with us now.

In fact, it’s difficult to make money on buns that cost 20 rubles. At the same time, I can’t help but feel that many people have now decided to open bakeries; people find this business simple and easy. But this is not true, I think most of them work to zero.

Pure mathematics

When the business was just starting, the founders of the bakery chain proceeded from pure mathematics; they calculated everything. Even now, when opening new points, owners in no case rely on their own feelings, but focus exclusively on mathematical modeling.

The main mistake of those who open their own bakery is that they often adhere to the emotional component. That is, people see that there are bakeries everywhere, they think that flour is cheap, that they will bake a loaf of bread and become rich. In fact, everything is not like that. This is painstaking work that begins from the moment you don’t have any bakery. Thanks to our mathematical model, we can calculate how much we will sell before we even open. Moreover, in approximately 90% of cases we are right,” says Mr. Kazakov.

The operating director of the Khlebnichnaya bakery chain says that opening bakeries has become especially popular around 2014. Today, upon request for “bakery,” DoubleGIS provides 441 organizations. In first place is the federal chain from Izhevsk “Khlebnitsa”, which has 16 retail outlets in Yekaterinburg, in second place is “Khlebnichnaya” with 14 bakeries, and the top three is “European Bakery”, which has eight branches in the city.

There is competition in our market, like everywhere else. Nowadays there really is a certain fashion for bakeries, plus people have a need to buy not only traditional bread, which is on the shelves in supermarkets, but also fresh baked goods. There are large network players in the Yekaterinburg market that are actively launching franchise bakeries. Don't forget that some supermarkets also sell fresh baked goods, although some of them use semi-finished products.

The business model when the bakery operates on semi-finished products requires less costs, in this case it is necessary to purchase less equipment. “” works according to this system. told DK.RU that the supply of frozen baked goods. Ilya Kazakov believes that now it is more difficult for bakeries that work on semi-finished products to compete in the market, since supermarkets use the same model:

In our city there was a Pekara chain from Omsk, they used freezing and eventually closed. Today, many discounters and gas station chains work on frozen baked goods, and “Fresh Bread” departments are appearing there. And here, I must say, they are not lying, the product is really fresh, the only question is the production technology and composition. And if a bakery sells semi-finished products, how can it compete with a supermarket?

That’s why Khlebnichnaya immediately decided that they would knead the dough and bake the rolls and bread themselves, right on the spot.

To develop the recipe, we had to change six technologists: one “supplied” the bread, the other - the dough for the pies. Today, some breads in the bakery take days to prepare:

There are starters that need to sit for a day. For example, the starter for a French baguette takes 24 hours to grow. And we follow this technology, this is our advantage. The same goes for toppings. If we have a pie with lingonberries, then we buy frozen lingonberries and put the berries in the filling, not jam. In the apple puff we have real apple slices, not cheap Chinese jam, and in the tangerine pie (which is seasonal) we have tangerines. Quality is extremely important for bakeries, no less than a good location.

Bakery Economics

There are a lot of franchises on the bakery market, and it’s easy to find information on the Internet about how much it costs to start this business. Some say that it is enough to invest 1.5 million rubles. to open one point, others say two, others say that at least 3 million rubles will be required.

Ilya Kazakov says that, as in any business, when opening a bakery you can go to two extremes: arrange everything as economically as possible, purchase cheap equipment, but then this will affect the quality of the baked goods. The second option is to install the most expensive and high-quality equipment, invest millions in renovating the premises, but go broke due to insufficient profits:

It took us 2.5 million rubles to open the first store, and today we spend about that much to launch the next outlet. The payback period is a year and a half,” says Ilya Kazakov. - Our colleagues in the shop say that they can open a retail outlet for 1.5 million rubles, but, as you understand, there are very few miracles in our world. Of course, you can install an oven for 50 thousand rubles, or you can install a convection oven for 200-300 thousand rubles.

According to Peter Schneider, about a million is required for the purchase of equipment - this is the largest part of the costs; another 700-800 thousand must be allocated for the renovation of the premises, plus the purchase of raw materials, equipment and the formation of staff. At the same time, it makes no sense to stop at opening one store: as for any business, the rule of scale applies to bakeries: the more outlets, the higher the profit.

The cheapest bread at Khlebnichnaya costs 22 rubles. for a loaf of 300 g, mid-price bread - 30 rubles. for 300 g, special bread - 40-50 rubles. for a bun. The main profit in the bakery comes from buns, pies and filled pies. Ilya Kazakov’s partner Peter Schneider says:

Bread has always been a social product, and this is a position from which you can’t make much money, the price is low and the profitability is low. The business is built on pies, pies and other baked goods. The most profitable product last year was Easter cakes. The bakers baked them all night, and by 11 o’clock in the morning the shelves were already empty,” he adds.

Franchising is not for everyone

After a year and a half of operation, Khlebnichnaya became ready for franchise development; in December 2017, the owners of the chain began processing applications. However, entrepreneurs have a non-standard approach to selling a franchise; for example, they are not ready to share retail outlets in Yekaterinburg:

We have about 40 requests for a franchise from different cities of Russia, as well as from Belarus and Kazakhstan. We are ready to share our experience, but not in Yekaterinburg. We need to be honest: if a person is going to open a “Khlebnichnaya” in our city, then we will compete with him, which means we will inevitably face a conflict of interest. Unfortunately, even in Yekaterinburg there are many companies that agree on locations for their franchisees that are doomed to failure in advance. Just look at 8 March Street. And we want people to earn money.

Opening your own food business is a noble cause, since the human body is designed in such a way that it needs to eat to maintain life. Therefore, enterprising people first of all think about starting a business in the field of food preparation. A popular trend is a mini-bakery as a business.

Private small establishments are in demand, and many entrepreneurs set quite high prices for their products: often not for quality, but for the brand. Often the taste and other characteristics of products leave much to be desired, so when opening such a line of business, think about whether you can provide the products with the proper quality, and whether you are ready to make investments to make the enterprise work as it should.

A bakery is an excellent type of business in almost any region

Bakery business plan

It is this that acts as the main type of documentation before starting any activity. Many novice entrepreneurs ignore this document. With its help, you can identify the main goals, determine the strengths and weaknesses of the business, as well as determine financial costs, and analyze the market and competitors. At the end of the documentation, it is worth giving two main plans according to which events will subsequently develop: positive and negative.

Developing a goal is always a primary component of a business plan in any business. You can note not only material indicators, but also any others. Some entrepreneurs open just such a business because they are not satisfied with the quality of the products currently existing on the market. Someone creates a business with the goal of helping the poor, in any case, there is no need to set a limit to act only for the sake of making a profit.

So, after defining your goals, you need to start somewhere. Traditionally, this is the calculation of the amount that will be required to conduct the activity. The main thing here is to write everything down to the smallest detail so that unforeseen circumstances do not arise. A preliminary study of the labor market and the characteristics of real estate leased for commercial activities will help with this. You will also need to determine the required production volumes for a certain time period. Next, we move on to the next stages of the bakery business plan.

Selecting a room

Since it will be necessary to provide for the placement of several elements in one room, it must be selected correctly and have the required area. It should house a workshop, several warehouses and premises for workers. The administrative part is also allocated a certain place - this is the office of the accountant, manager and supervisor.

For a small bakery: all these positions can be combined into one. Another factor on which the specific choice of premises depends is the purpose of opening a bakery. If this is a small establishment that only involves baking fresh bread, then a room with a total area of ​​100 square meters is suitable. m. For a large factory you will need something more. If you want to open a branded store on the territory of a mini-bakery, then make sure that there are no competitors nearby. At the same time, the retail outlet should be located near a large crowd of people, not far from some business center or office space. The average premises will cost 300,000 rubles per month.

You need to study the segment in which you plan to open a production line. A bakery business plan with cost calculations assumes the personal participation of the creator in the project, and this responsibility should not be shifted onto other shoulders for two reasons. Firstly, an independent approach will provide you with tremendous experience, and secondly, you will personally do better. Even if things don't work out, you'll only have yourself to blame.

Recruitment

To start your business, you will need to hire qualified personnel. It is best to pay attention to specialists with at least several months of experience, since baking bread is a rather complex and somewhat problematic process. If a mistake is made at some step, this indicates that correcting the situation is not an easy task.

The number of people you will need in production depends on the size of the enterprise. If you plan to produce bread and bakery products in a mini-bakery, then you will need at least 1 employee for the production of baked goods and 1 manager. His role can also be combined with the position of a manager.

Read also: Alcohol production: technology, equipment

There is no need to rush in this case, just for the purpose of making things “go” as quickly as possible; you will need to find people who want to earn money and at the same time learn something new. Only after you are convinced of their competence can you offer adequate payment for their work.

Note: The most important condition for the production of food products is a health certificate. It must be present; you should not hire employees with illnesses.

Equipment

Considering the question of how to open a bakery from scratch, let's consider the features of the equipment that should be present in it. It is presented on the market by foreign manufacturers, as well as domestic elements. To select the required unit, you may need the services of the company from which you are going to buy the equipment. In addition, its specialists must deliver and install ovens, tables, and shelves for storing bread. It would be good to make sure that this is the company that handles the warranty service of the units: this will save your time, money and nerves.

In principle, starting a mini-bakery is possible even with a little over a hundred thousand rubles. This is a combination of the cheapest oven and a Russian-made dough mixing machine, but everything else will have to be done by hand. However, such “startups” are justified when it comes to the need to bake up to 200 kg per day. Given the market situation, such an enterprise can provide bread not only to a small settlement, but also to work for two or three people. But imperfect technology in one bakery cannot guarantee consistent quality of baked goods.

If we are talking about a larger number of products and a wide range, the amount of investment in such production increases significantly. One of the recent projects of the Bread Equipment company is a small bakery with a cafe in one of the large cities of Kazakhstan. The owner's wish is 1000 kg of products per day, but at the first stage. To launch the bakery, it required about 600,000 rubles of investment in equipment, which should provide the main assortment - tin bread, loaves, baguettes, bakery products and pies. At the second stage, you will need to order specialized equipment - dividers and equipment for puff pastry.

When choosing equipment, the main argument for mini-bakery customers for a long time remained the “first price” factor. The cost of entry is extremely important, especially for small chains. Often this equipment is of very low quality, has a low service life and high operating costs. Such bakeries, as a rule, are constantly transported from one rented premises to another, thereby reducing the already low service life of the equipment.Mini-bakeries, built on the “one-person business” principle, are formed completely differently. Equipment for such bakeries is selected according to the principle of strength-functionality-price. Such enterprises may need re-equipment only after 15–20 years, while operating costs and depreciation costs are very low due to the long service life of the equipment. The truth is usually somewhere in the middle.

If you imagine a bakery as a person, then, of course, the heart of the bakery is the oven, the skeleton is the dough mixer and the baker is the head.” Just as in the body, the resource of the heart guarantees it many years of life, so in the bakery, the design and reliability of the oven guarantees success. At the same time, not only the thickness of the metal or the “survivability” of the electronics is important for success, but also the availability of service and spare parts for the entire life cycle of the furnace. Today no more than 10–15 manufacturing companies can guarantee this. Among them are FINES from Slovenia, Cimav from Italy, and Irtysh from the Russian Federation.

High-quality dough making is also a fundamental condition for the production of excellent products, and here, alas, the domestic manufacturer has practically nothing to offer to those who want to open a mini-bakery. In the segment of dough mixing machines with a load of 2 to 40 kg of flour, Italian companies are the clear leaders, but their quality varies greatly. Price also cannot be a marker of reliability; there are examples of highly overpriced equipment.

In the segment of small dough cutting equipment, the situation with inexpensive domestic equipment is even sadder. Our industry still ignores this part of the market; this niche is occupied by European manufacturers. The most popular middle-class manufacturers are Italian MacPan equipment: dividers, rounders, seamers, dispensers that provide excellent results for relatively little money. Those wishing to purchase more serious equipment can be offered equipment from the Dutch company DAUB. In its class, this equipment has practically no equal in quality, and even more so in price. It is not without reason that many of this company’s technological solutions have received major awards at major international exhibitions.

To summarize, you will need the following equipment:

• a machine for stirring dough - it takes a long time to do everything with your own hands, the price of such a machine is from 150,000 rubles;
• machine for rolling out dough – 20,000 rubles;
• a cabinet for raising the dough before proceeding directly to the baking process - 50,000 rubles;
• bakery oven - you can bake not only bread in it, but also bakery products and cakes. The cost will be about 600,000 rubles;
• cooling system – with its help, bread products can retain their nutritional properties for a long time. Typically the bread is cooled before being sliced;
• packaging machine - for a mini-bakery in the first stages it is not necessary, but over time you will have to take care of purchasing it;
• means for sifting flour - its cost is 10,000 rubles;
• additional elements of professional equipment - racks, tables, hoods, molds, knives and other elements.

Bakery and confectionery products are always in demand; these products are regularly purchased by all segments of the population. If you draw up a competent business plan and organize your business correctly, a bakery, even in a mini-format, can become a highly profitable business.

Mini bakery at home

A bakery from scratch can be opened in several formats:

• full cycle workshop;
• specially equipped part of the kitchen.

The choice should depend on the expected production technology, scale and desired range. A mini-bakery at home can operate in a full cycle (includes all stages of bread production) or incomplete cycle (when products are baked from frozen semi-finished products). If the first option is chosen, you will need at least 80-90 m² of space. Bakeries of this format, as a rule, produce branded confectionery products and create a wide range of bakery products with a productivity of 120-150 kg/hour. Owners get the opportunity to control the production process and independently form an assortment.

If you open a bakery operating in a partial cycle format, you can easily create a wide range of products; they are characterized by waste-free, clean production. Even 35-40 m² will be enough for work. The capacity of such a small enterprise is enough to produce 0.2-5.0 tons of bread per day. Another advantage of this organization of work is that there is no need to purchase raw materials for preparing the dough. Using the equipment is simple and convenient; no additional complex technical devices are required. The influence of the human factor is also significantly reduced; the quantity of finished products is much easier to control.

Advice: There is no pronounced difference in taste between baked goods made from semi-finished products and fresh dough, because the products are prepared, as a rule, from natural ingredients, without flavor enhancers.

Mini-bakeries opened at home from scratch have many advantages:

• do not require huge capital investments;
• they can be opened even in the home kitchen;
• allow you to work without dependence on intermediaries, which allows you to create favorable prices for customers and achieve high business profitability;
• enter into direct contracts with suppliers of certain raw materials;
• the owner gets more opportunities to attract potential buyers (promotions, organize demonstrations of the baking process for advertising purposes);
• You can freely vary the assortment depending on the buyer’s interests and resources.

The owners, citing experience, emphasize that in order to ensure high profitability of the business, it is important to choose the right location of the outlet in advance (the foot traffic should be high). Even if you don’t have start-up capital, you can organize, for example, dropshipping, writing custom texts, making gifts, decorative soaps, custom confectionery (cakes, cupcakes).

How to open a mini-bakery from scratch?

Before opening mini-bakeries from scratch at home, it is important to resolve the issue of marketing finished products and the prospects of countering competitors (and there will always be at least 2 of them - mass producers, for example, bakeries and retailers). It is also important to choose the right LLC. The best option for choosing a taxation system is UTII, the alternative is the simplified tax system 6% or 15%.

You will also need a quality certificate and a permit for production activities, a conclusion on the compliance of the premises and equipment with fire safety requirements, and a permit from the environmental inspection. You will also need to submit baked goods samples to a laboratory for analysis. It is important to remember that every mini-bakery employee is required to have a medical book. will be carried out no more than once every 3 years. The inspection plan can be found on the website of the Prosecutor General's Office of the Russian Federation or on the website of the Rospotrebnadzor Office.

An important issue is the formation of an assortment. It should be varied and interest buyers. To maintain their interest, you need to focus not only on quality and price, but also on the formation of new taste qualities, fillings, and baking forms. The mass product of ordinary stores will never be able to compete on equal terms with the high-quality branded products of mini-bakeries.

Advice: According to bakers, it is possible to create new flavors by using natural baking mixtures. For example, a culinary additive made from rye flour and heat-treated malt gives baked goods a dark color, a special taste and aroma. The mixtures also extend shelf life, improve product quality and allow optimization of production technology (dry sourdough helps bread rise in 1 hour rather than 3). In addition, their consumption is very small.

How to open a personal mini-bakery? The algorithm of actions looks like this: registration of a mini-bakery, search and preparation of premises, selection and purchase of equipment, search for personnel, registration of permits, purchase of raw materials, start of work. This will also require permits and careful preparation of all stages. One of the most important aspects is the choice of a place with good traffic, a convenient position of the room.

What advantages should mini-bakery owners have in the competition:

1. Quality and freshness of products.
2. Range.
3. Better price.
4. Quality of service.
5. Designer decoration of the point of sale (this can be done with your own hands without large financial costs).

To open a profitable business, you should pay special attention to some common mistakes:

• lack of a clear business development strategy, inconsistency in actions;
• insufficient funding;
• the sales market is not prepared at the initial stage;
• lack of competitive offers for the buyer.

What equipment do you need for a bakery?

Opening a successful full-cycle bakery is possible only if you have high-quality equipment: pastry tables, trolleys, flour sifter, dough mixing machine, dough divider, molding machine for croissants and baguettes, proofer and oven (hearth, rotary), trays, stainless steel baking sheets steel, culinary tools (knives, brushes, scrapers, special utensils). You will also additionally need various units, for example, a lift with a bowl tipper, a seaming machine.

For part-time bakeries, less equipment will suffice. The main thing is to have a proofer for defrosting semi-finished products, an oven, and a refrigerator for storing preparations.

Equipment for mini-bakery - ready-made kits

Before opening a bakery, it is important to choose quality equipment for a mini-bakery from scratch. It is not necessary to buy it individually; ready-made kits are available for sale. Average price – 2800000-5666768 rubles. Turnkey mini-bakeries are produced on the basis of a gas, electric or diesel oven. They include the following equipment:

• oven (rotary gas, electric or diesel);
• proofing cabinet;
• rack trolley;
• sifter for bulk products;
• dough mixing machine;
• rolling bowl;
• additional (hearth sheet, cassette of bread molds) and auxiliary - production table with table top, table scales, floor scales, tray cart, bread tray.

Indicative table of utility costs for bakeries operating on the basis of ready-made equipment sets:

Costs directly depend on the configuration of the equipment and its power.

How much does it cost to open a bakery?

On average, to open a full-service mini-bakery from scratch, you will need 1,500,000 rubles. with a production volume of 45,000 kg per month. To increase sales volumes, assistants may be needed (main workers - 4, specialists - 2, office workers - 2, auxiliary workers - 4), which makes the costs high. It is also important to navigate the prices of equipment; the average price is:

• oven (900 thousand rubles);
• dough mixing machine (RUB 380 thousand);
• proofing cabinet (60 thousand rubles);
• dough sheeter (30 thousand rubles);
• baking trolley (15-19 thousand rubles);
• table for cutting dough (60 thousand rubles);
• flour sifter (14-15 thousand rubles).

Electricity costs average 75 thousand rubles. (18,000 kW) per month. Also, monthly expenses include renting premises - around 10-15 thousand and purchasing raw materials (with a volume of 1500 kg of products you will need about 500 thousand rubles). It is important to take into account the cost of auxiliary materials (packaging film, labels) - about 40 thousand. The net profit from such a project will be about 125 thousand rubles. and it will pay off on average in 12 months. The higher the traffic of a retail outlet, the greater the profit.

If you open a bakery in your home kitchen, the costs, of course, will be lower, purchases of raw materials are made in lower volumes, but productivity will also become lower and the payback period will increase.

The baking business is considered one of the most highly profitable. Experts say that with any forecast of market development, its profitability cannot fall below 25%. The largest segment of this market is occupied by mass products (bread, bagels, crackers, confectionery), in second place are non-traditional offerings (lavash), followed by dietary baked goods and 5% of the market belongs to elite products. It is in the latter segment that a mini-bakery can best express itself by offering the buyer a unique product and reasonably create a high markup. On average, investments can be repaid within a period of several months to 1.5-2 years, depending on the scale of production and its resources. Home bakeries, in which a minimum of capital is invested, will pay off a little longer.

Bakery as a business - reviews

Denis:
The bakery has been operating for seven years now. And, despite the difficulties, I am satisfied. During the work we had to move production 3 times and change the location of the outlet. The majority of positions in the assortment are occupied by baked pies made from butter dough with various fillings, and puff pastry products. I easily sell about 2,500 units through several dozen stores.

Igor:
A few years ago I managed to open a mini-bakery at home, but it didn’t work out. I was disappointed and was already counting my losses. But on the advice of a friend, he closed for a while, together with specialists he drew up a business plan, corrected the mistakes and restarted production. I’ve been working for myself for a year now and I consider opening a mini-bakery a profitable business (if you approach it wisely and form a sales market in advance).

Natalia:
His own mini-bakery at home has been operating for two years now, but the problem of sales remains pressing. It seems like she was thinking through and calculating everything, but this moment is still not completely resolved. Probably, we should have given it more attention at the start and worked according to the business plan, and not blindly. But I’m still happy with my earnings; there are many regular customers who even come to my home.

People will always eat. Therefore, some businessmen are considering running their own business exclusively in the catering sector. Fast food sales points are growing like an avalanche. There are two development options in this direction: purchasing a ready-made franchise or implementing your own concept.

The second option is preferable. The “raw” business model will require a lot of effort from the entrepreneur, but it also has its advantages. For example, there is no need to pay a lump sum fee or royalties. A good idea for your own business is to open a mini-bakery.

Is it profitable to run a bakery?

Yes, it's profitable. This business is characterized by profitability of 50-60% and constant demand. Bonus - mobility. The owner of the enterprise can change the product range and adapt to demand. This will allow you to quickly meet customer needs without incurring additional costs. With a decrease in public interest in baguettes or exotic varieties of bread, you need to reorient yourself to the production of confectionery products and puff pastries.

The diagram is based on information from Rosstat. At the same time, industry experts predict an increase in the share of bakeries in supermarkets and small private enterprises to 20 and 16%, respectively. Another trend is also noticeable. The Russian population is increasingly interested in “European” baked goods: ciabattas and baguettes.

Stages of opening a mini-bakery

Starting a business takes place in several stages. This applies to entrepreneurs developing their own model. When purchasing a franchise, most organizational tasks are transferred to the shoulders of the partner. A dilemma arises: on someone else’s project or should you still “promote” your own? It's better to take the second path. Before launching his own model, a businessman must draw up a clear step-by-step plan. It must be followed strictly. It looks like this:

• Business registration.
• Selection of premises.
• Purchase of equipment.
• Personnel search.
• Purchase of raw materials.
• Establishing sales channels.

Business registration

There are many forms of running your own business. For beginning entrepreneurs who do not operate with large capital, two are suitable:

• limited liability company;
• individual entrepreneurship.

Each type has its own advantages and disadvantages. You need to weigh the pros and cons in advance. This approach will help avoid a lot of mistakes and problems in the future.

Entity

This form of business is suitable primarily for those who work in partnership with other citizens. Future preferences are distributed depending on the share of participation of each founder in the authorized capital of the company. Registering an LLC is more difficult. To register with the tax authority you must provide:

1. Charter
2. Foundation agreement (if the company has 2 or more founders).
3. Minutes of the meeting of founders.
4. Application for state registration.

You need to additionally open a current account and form an authorized capital. Registration authorities also require the provision of documentation to the legal address of the company, for example a letter of guarantee from the owner of the premises. The state fee for opening an LLC is 4 thousand rubles. On average, registration time (including collection and preparation of documentation) takes 1 month.

IP

Everything is simpler here. A businessman needs to fill out the appropriate application on form P21001, pay a state fee (800 rubles) and provide a copy of his passport. After receiving the registration certificate, the next step in the plan is to choose a tax system. A simplified system is perfect for individual entrepreneurs. There are two options:

• 6% of income.
• 15% of the difference between income and expenses.

The first type is simpler for calculations, but in case of large monthly costs, the second one is also applicable.

Important: The difference between an individual entrepreneur and an LLC lies in the form of liability. An entrepreneur, in case of problems with his activities, risks all his property, and a limited liability company only risks the amount of its authorized capital. For beginners in business, it is recommended to open an individual entrepreneur.

Selection of premises

For a mini-bakery, choosing the right premises is a key stage of the plan. The main criterion is cross-country ability. The turnover of an enterprise directly depends on traffic. There are 3 placement options for this type of business:

1. Rent in a shopping complex.
2. Pavilion at the bus stop.
3. The apartment is on the first floor of a residential building.

Each type has advantages and disadvantages. A detailed comparison will help you make your final choice.

Rent in TC

There are many advantages. For example, a businessman does not need to undergo a fire inspection, since this has already been done by the owner of the premises. The rent (from 300 rubles/m2) directly depends on the popularity of the shopping center and the location of the bakery inside the hall. This is what is considered the most accessible for beginning entrepreneurs. The disadvantages include:

1. Adjustable operating mode.
2. Competition within the shopping center itself (sometimes several individual entrepreneurs of the same focus are located in one complex).
3. Problems with future expansion.
4. Limited power grid capacity.

The low price eliminates these shortcomings. Therefore, merchants often locate their business there.

Pavilion at the bus stop

This type of activity requires serious investments. The price for making a pavilion reaches 6-12 thousand rubles/m2. The problem also lies in coordinating the location of the mini-bakery with the city administration. It will not be possible to simply install production at a bus stop with a lot of traffic. The entrepreneur independently obtains permission from the SES and the fire inspectorate, negotiates with power engineers about the allocated capacities and connection to the network. The advantage is independent adjustment of the operating mode. Some shopping malls open only from 9 am, but you can set the pavilion’s schedule yourself, taking into account the intensity of traffic during the day.

Apartment on the ground floor

For beginners in business who do not have great financial resources, this method of doing business is not suitable. The advantages are the same as those of a pavilion at a stopping point; the disadvantages include the high cost of doing business. In a city with a population of over a million, rent for premises on the ground floor of a residential building does not fall below 30 thousand rubles. This has a negative impact on business profitability.

Important: from personal experience, entrepreneurs are advised to stay in pavilions at a bus stop; at the start of work, renting from a shopping center is also suitable.

Equipment purchase

A mini-bakery will require different equipment. You can make your choice only after setting the range of baked goods. Basic set includes:

1. Convection oven.
2. Proofing cabinet.
3. Dough mixer.
4. Flour sifter.
5. Stainless steel tables.
6. Dough forming machine.

Conventionally, all equipment is divided into two types: domestic and imported. The difference between them is the price and functionality. Showcases, refrigerator, cash register are not included in the list. In this case, we are talking only about specific equipment for preparing bakery products.

Imported

Italian convection ovens are popular in the baking business. They differ in build quality and variability of operating modes. Manufacturers provide extended warranties for many models. The equipment is expensive. When drawing up a financial plan, this expense item will become the main one.

Domestic

Bakers often have complaints about the build quality of their equipment. The final functionality of domestically produced equipment also raises doubts. A small cost will allow you to open it, but in general, over time, the stoves will have to be replaced with imported ones.

Important: You can save additional money by searching for used equipment. Sometimes such a solution is the only solution for beginners in the baking business.

Recruiting staff

Personnel decides everything. The phrase is hackneyed, but relevant for any business. The mini-bakery was no exception. The success of an enterprise directly depends on the quality of personnel training. All bakery workers must have health certificates and undergo periodic medical examinations. Ignoring this requirement will result in penalties and closure of the business.

Who to hire?

To organize a bakery you will need:

1. Manager.
2. Technologist.
3. Minimum 4 bakers with sales functions.

The entrepreneur himself often becomes the manager. It is not economically profitable to hire a separate accountant to keep records. It is better to delegate the solution of these tasks to outsourcing companies.

Important: You cannot use the services of third-party specialists without concluding contractual obligations.

Where to look?

There are many options for finding employees. These include:

1. Labor exchange.
2. Internet.
3. Acquaintance.

It is recommended to act in several directions at once. To reduce costs at the initial stage, workers without experience are sometimes considered. Such a technique is possible provided that the entrepreneur himself understands the basic technological processes. Often bakeries are the second stage of a simple process - making cakes to order.

Salary Fund

Important: with a fixed salary, the financial fund is formed with a reserve of 2-3 months.

Purchase of raw materials

The purchase of products for subsequent processing must be carried out taking into account the capacity of the mini-bakery itself. You cannot skimp on quality; in the future, this will directly affect demand among the population. Customers will quickly appreciate the drop in taste characteristics and simply stop buying the product. The preparation of bakery products is carried out using two methods:

1. From basic raw materials.
2. From semi-finished products.

Each business model has advantages and disadvantages. Both options need to be taken into account and considered when drawing up a reopening plan.

From basic raw materials

This method is cheap, since the entrepreneur independently searches for suppliers and selects the terms of the contract. The added value is maximized. If prices fluctuate at one wholesale base, you should start collaborating with other companies. The quality of bakery products directly depends on the established technological process and recipe.

From semi-finished products

When opening a mini-bakery, beginners often choose ready-made semi-finished products as raw materials. This is especially true for enterprises focused on the production of puff pastries. With this approach, businessmen also save on equipment (the need for a dough mixer, flour sifter and dough-forming machine disappears on its own). Costs for starting a business are reduced. But there are also disadvantages. The technologist cannot control the quality of the product. Suppliers do not warn about changes in the recipe for preparing semi-finished products. Customer dissatisfaction will result in a decrease in demand and profitability.

How to open a bakery - step-by-step video instructions

How to establish sales channels?

Creating sustainable demand is the basis for the success of any business. The statement is also typical for a mini-bakery. The main flow of customers is formed by natural traffic. Therefore, it is important to choose the right location for the enterprise. Non-standard moves will also help increase speed. For example, some novice entrepreneurs enter into contracts for the supply of finished bakery products directly to the addressee. In the future, such clientele will bring a significant share of income. Therefore, contacts with counterparties should be maintained constantly. A correctly composed .

Don't forget about outdoor advertising. The placement of a sign on the facade of the building is agreed with the administration of the shopping center. Owners of their own pavilions have much more freedom of action in this matter. Some cities have strict architectural requirements. The nuance must be taken into account.

An increase in demand is also observed in online trading. To create such a sales channel, you will need to develop a website, hire a manager to accept incoming applications and enter into an agreement with a courier service. Delivery is sometimes carried out independently - in this case, the purchase and maintenance of the car should be included in the expense part of the plan. will help reduce the costs of contacting web developers.

Bakery business plan

Drawing up a final financial model is a complex and responsible process. Prices for opening a mini-bakery vary greatly. If there is insufficient funding and the need to strictly monitor all costs, it is recommended to use only equipment from local manufacturers and rent premises directly from the shopping center. The main total expenses will look like this.

1. Production equipment:
   • convection oven - 30 thousand rubles;
   • proofing cabinet - 32 thousand rubles;
   • dough mixer - 32 thousand rubles;
   • flour sifter - 25 thousand rubles;
   • dough forming machine - 92 thousand rubles;
   • stainless steel tables (2 pcs.) - 4 thousand rubles;
   • refrigerator - 10 thousand rubles;
   • other (knives, etc.) - 10 thousand rubles.
2. Retail store equipment:
   • cash desk - 12 thousand rubles;
   • acquiring - 20 thousand rubles;
   • refrigerated confectionery display case - 57 thousand rubles;
   • regular display case - 5 thousand rubles.
3. Design and advertising:
   • street pillar - 2 thousand rubles;
   • sign - 2 thousand rubles;
   • decoration, staff clothing - 7 thousand rubles.
4. Room renovation(without hiring third parties) - 20 thousand rubles.

These expenses are basic. You also need to take into account monthly rental expenses (for shopping malls). The minimum price for retail space is 300 rubles/m2, the construction of a pavilion will cost from 6 thousand rubles/m2, and the lease of land is agreed upon with the administration of the locality in advance. The employee salary fund is not included in the basic values, since a piece-rate payment system is implied. For individual entrepreneurs, you need to take into account the need to make annual payments to the Pension Fund.

Let's sum it up

A mini-bakery business is expensive. The average payback for an enterprise occurs after 6-8 months of operation. The final figure depends on traffic, assortment and quality of products. Marketing policy also plays a key role. Entrepreneurs select scrupulously and carefully, but this is far from a panacea.

Success will come with an established customer feedback system. The manager is required to have clear control over all business processes, right down to identifying the needs and preferences of customers. This approach will allow you to achieve a confident profit and scale your activities (for example, by increasing the number of retail outlets).