Presentation on the topic I love astronomy. Astronomy Presentations

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Observations are the basis of astronomy. The presentation was prepared by Pshelenskaya S.V., teacher of physics and astronomy.

Features of astronomy as a science. 1. The main source of information in astronomy is observations. All information about what is happening outside the Earth in outer space can only be obtained on the basis of light and other types of radiation coming from these objects. 2. Almost all phenomena studied in astronomy last long in time (hundreds, millions and billions of years). 3. The need to indicate the position of celestial bodies in space and the impossibility of immediately indicating which of them is closer and which is further from us. All observed luminaries seem equally distant.

A telescope is the main instrument used in astronomy to observe celestial bodies, receive and analyze the radiation coming from them. (tele - far, skopeo - look.) The purpose of the telescope is 1. To collect more light coming from a weak source of radiation. 2. Increase the angle of view from which the celestial object is viewed.

Characteristics of the telescope. Penetrating power - the greater the penetrating power of a telescope, the weaker in luminosity objects it allows to see. The resolution of a telescope is the ability to distinguish small details on the surface of a celestial body.

Both characteristics of a telescope depend on the diameter of its lens. W = F/f – telescope magnification

Telescope - refractor (refracto - refract) - a telescope whose objective is a lens. Galileo's telescope had one converging lens as an objective, and a diverging lens as an eyepiece. This optical design produces a non-inverted (terrestrial) image. The main disadvantages of the Galilean telescope are its very small field of view. This system is still used in theater binoculars, and sometimes in homemade amateur telescopes. Galileo telescope

Kepler's telescope Johannes Kepler improved the telescope in 1611 by replacing the diverging lens in the eyepiece with a converging lens. This made it possible to increase the field of view and pupil relief, but the Kepler system gives an inverted image. Another advantage of the Kepler tube is that it has a real intermediate image in the plane of which a measuring scale can be placed. In fact, all subsequent refracting telescopes are Kepler tubes

Telescope - reflector (reflecto - reflect) - a telescope whose lens is a concave mirror. This telescope design was proposed by Isaac Newton in 1667. Here, a flat diagonal mirror located near the focus deflects a beam of light outside the tube, where the image is viewed through an eyepiece or photographed.

The scheme was proposed by Laurent Cassegrain in 1672. This is a variant of a two-mirror telescope lens. The primary concave mirror of a larger diameter reflects the rays onto a secondary convex mirror of a smaller diameter). The Cassegrain system was modified by the Soviet optician D. D. Maksutov into the Maksutov-Cassegrain system, which became so popular that it is one of the most common systems in astronomy, especially in amateur astronomy.

The largest telescope in Eurasia, the BTA, is located in Russia, in the mountains of the North Caucasus and has a main mirror diameter of 6 m. It has been operating since 1976.

A mirror-lens (meniscus) telescope is a telescope that uses a combination of mirrors and lenses.

Mirror-lens (meniscus) telescope

Radio telescopes are designed to receive cosmic radio radiation.

Thank you for your attention. http:// galactic.name is an astronomical portal where you will find a lot of interesting things for yourself. Materials for the presentation are taken from this site.

Space is an interesting and unknown world. The astronomy presentations collected in this fascinating section will talk about a variety of phenomena in an accessible and very interesting way. The sun, asteroids, great discoveries related to space, biographies of great people who made significant contributions to the knowledge of space, and a lot of other fascinating information that these presentations about space contain will help tell about our universe in an interesting and accessible way. Our presentations are an excellent choice for lessons, lectures, and more.

Presentations on astronomy are made in PowerPoint; here you will find a large assortment of presentations on astronomy that can be downloaded absolutely free. To do this, you need to go to the selected presentation and click on the “download” button. Before this, you can see each slide and view their description. You don’t have to download the files first and only then realize that this is not exactly what you need. If you have difficulty finding the topic you need, you can use the search for all presentations, enter a keyword and we will select the most suitable work for you.

Here you will find presentations on astronomy for both junior and senior students. Thanks to the clarity, colorfulness of the slides, correctly structured and divided into blocks of information, the audience will be able to more easily perceive the subject and better concentrate on the topic.

Abstract to the material

Planets of the Solar System – presentation

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Earth–Moon system – presentation

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Presentation Solar System

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Giant planets - presentation

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Structure of the Solar System – presentation

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Origin of the Solar System – presentation

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Starry sky - presentation

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Presentation The movement of the planets of the solar system

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Kepler's laws - presentation

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Planet Neptune – presentation

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Zodiac signs – presentation

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Presentation Our Galaxy

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Planet Earth – presentation

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Presentation Metagalaxy

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Presentation Galaxy

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Presentation History of Astronomy

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Slide captions:

ORIGIN OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM - FIRST THOUGHTS AND SCIENTIFIC EXPLANATION

This is our galaxy. Since ancient times, scientists have wanted to know how our solar system came into being.

Friedrich Wilhelm (William) Herschel was born on November 15, 1738 in Hanover (Germany) in the family of a regimental musician of the Hanoverian Guard. Herschel was seriously involved in music theory. From her, his passion moved to mathematics and optics, through which he became acquainted with astronomy.

Using his first homemade reflecting telescope of the Newtonian system, 5.5 feet long (almost 2 m) and a mirror diameter of 20 cm, already in March 1774, Herschel observed a beautiful bright nebula in the constellation Orion

20-foot Herschel telescope. His telescope revealed the nature of the most mysterious objects in the sky at that time - motionless “milky” nebulae

Herschel's 40-foot telescope Observing with a 40-foot telescope, Herschel became convinced that the boundaries of the Galaxy were unreachable. He was also convinced that not all milky nebulae are clumps of diffuse matter and that even the weakest of them, discovered at the limit of visibility, can be other distant “milky ways”.

planetary nebula

The orderly system of planets - their movement in circular orbits lying in the same plane - really beckoned us to study the question of how it came into being

Discharged interstellar gas began to gather in a cloud. The entire solar system, to which the Earth and Moon belong, arose from one large gas and dust cloud

The cloud compressed and its rotation accelerated. Under the influence of increased centrifugal forces, the cloud turned into a disk. The substance became denser and turned into a ring rotating around the center.

This presentation can be used in physics lessons (in the topic "Atoms and Stars", grade 9) and astronomy. I use this material in the elective course “Entertaining Universe” (9th grade). The presentation is a brief excursion into the physical discoveries that underlie modern astronomy. Since research in astronomy began with the invention of the telescope, the presentation describes both the very first - imperfect - telescopes (created by Galileo, later by Newton), and modern reflectors with a large mirror diameter, as well as radio telescopes and their capabilities. Undoubtedly, astronomy received a huge impetus in its development with the invention of photography. The presentation is accompanied by a number of spectacular photographs of our “neighbors” in the Solar System. The most important role in modern astronomy is given to spectral analysis. This is also discussed in the presentation. Naturally, this presentation can only be used in a prepared class (where N. Bohr’s theory and spectra have already been studied). And finally we talk about orbital telescopy - the last word in science. I think this presentation can color the lesson and make it memorable.

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Slide captions:

Physical research methods in astronomy O.A. Smirnova, Physics teacher MBOU secondary school No. 25 Smolensk

There is nothing so remote from us that we cannot discover. René Descartes 1

Plan Optical telescopes: creation and use Radio astronomy Photographic method Spectral analysis Orbital telescopy 2

Galileo Galilei 1564–1642 Galileo's telescope. Exhibit of the museum in Florence (Italy). 3

Diagram of Galilean telescope 4

Reflector with Newtonian focus 5

Reflector with Cassegrain focus 6

Reflector telescope Five-meter reflector of the Palomar Observatory. The photograph was taken with a long exposure, during which the dome of the tower with an open slit was rotated, which created the effect of its transparency. 7

Radio telescopes Radio telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico. VLA radio telescope system in New Mexico (USA). 8

Radar Radar image of the Maxwell Mountains region on Venus, obtained by the Venera-15, -16 spacecraft. Radar image of the lunar crater Tycho. 9

Photographic method Mauna Kea Observatory at night. 10

Surface of the Moon 12

Mercury 13

Mars An image of the surface of Mars obtained by a high-resolution stereo camera from the Mars Express 14 spacecraft

Saturn's moons Tethys Telesto Titan 17 Hyperion

Lunokhod 19

Mars rover Opportunity rover (digital montage) The first photo taken by Opportunity after landing on the surface of Mars 20

Spectra Wavelength Continuous spectrum Sodium spectrum Hydrogen spectrum Helium spectrum 21

Spectral analysis 22

Redshift 23

Schematic diagram of spectrograph 24

Orbital Telescope named after. E. Hubble Photograph of the spiral galaxy M100 before and after correction. 25

Physical research methods in astronomy Optical telescopes Radio astronomy Photographic method Spectral analysis Orbital telescopes 26

The joy of seeing and understanding is the most beautiful gift of nature. Albert Einstein