Equipment for the production of plastic products at home. PVC pipes, how to open your own production: a business idea Business plan for the production of plastic products

This work is made to order!

The rest of the work can be found at:

www.sinor.ru/~ranger

The collection of business plans by Popov V.M. is taken as a basis.

Introduction……………………………………………………………………...	3
1. Business plan goals business objectives……………………………………	5
2. The company and its products…………………………………………	7
2.1. Information about the enterprise……………………………………………..	7
2.2. Investment intent. Objects of investment and sources of financial resources…………………………………………………………	7
2.3. Characteristics of products (services) of the enterprise. Technological scheme of production………………………………….	9
3. Market analysis…………………………………………………………….	13
3.1. State of the product sales market. ………………………………..	13
3.2. Competitive Analysis…………………………………………………	14
3.2. Analysis of the resource market. ……………………………………………..	16
3.4. Marketing strategy and price justification…………………..	17
4. Organizational plan…………………………………………………	19
5. Production plan………………………………………………………	20
5.1. Calculation of output volume. ………………………………...	20
5.2. Calculation of the turnover of the enterprise………………………………...	21
5.3. Calculation of the cost of equipment…………………………………….	21
5.4. Calculation of production costs………………………………..	21
6. Calculation of profit and profitability of production…………………...	30
7. Financial plan. Loan repayment schedule………..	31
8. Risk analysis and economic effect assessment …………………	33
Conclusion………………………………………………………………….	34
Literature………………………………………………………………….	35

Introduction

The topic of this course project is "Business Plan" This course paper provides justification for the effectiveness of the organization of production at CJSC Siberian Windows for the production of metal-plastic enclosing structures in order to attract borrowed funds to finance part of the costs of technological equipment and create additional jobs. The range of manufactured products - windows, doors, stained-glass windows and other metal-plastic enclosing building structures.

The production technology of SCHUCO International (FRP) is the most progressive in the world, absolutely environmentally friendly and has no analogues in the local regional market.

The raw material base of production is 100% provided by a single supplier in accordance with a single technological concept, which increases the reliability of the finished product.

The planned output of finished products is 22.584 sq.m. per year for a total amount of 20.9 million rubles per year on the basis of existing and projected production capacities.

The sales market for finished products is the business community and the population of Novosibirsk and the Novosibirsk region with an income level above the average.

The total cost of the project for the commissioning and operation of the company's production complex for the production of metal-plastic enclosing structures is 2.1 million rubles, of which 0.7 million rubles are borrowed funds (about 33%).

The company's staff consists of highly qualified specialists and is in a state of completeness. The total planned number of employees is 218 people. The cost of creating 1 job is 9.6 thousand rubles, the payback period for created jobs is 0.31 years (less than 4 months).

The competitiveness of the company is ensured by low internal production costs due to the provision of an end-to-end technological process, as well as the exclusive quality of the finished product.

1. Business plan goals and business objectives

The objectives of the business plan are:

1. Justification of the profitability of putting into operation and operation of a workshop for the production of metal-plastic enclosing building structures on existing leased production areas and the sale of finished products on the regional market.

2. Determining the economic feasibility of organizing additional jobs as a result of starting production.

3. Identification of market conditions and forecast of sales of finished products when increasing production capacity in the investment period.

4. Evaluation of the expected financial results of the business and the construction of the financial strategy of the enterprise in the settlements with the Employment Center for borrowed funds.

The tasks of the enterprise in the investment period are:

To carry out the commissioning and operation of complex automated equipment in order to ensure an end-to-end technological process: the purchase of raw materials (components and consumables)

Production (assembly) of finished products and services

Realization of the final product to the consumer;

To introduce one of the most progressive in the world and the first in the regional market technology for the production of metal-plastic enclosing structures;

To gain a foothold and expand the managed segment of the regional market for the sale of metal-plastic products.

The strategy of CJSC "Siberian Windows" in connection with this project is combined with modern progressive trends towards the consolidation of the activities of stable small and medium-sized businesses, which leads to the creation of additional jobs and a reduction in the acuteness of the problem of employment.

2. The company and its products

2.1. Information about the enterprise

The initiator of the project is the closed joint-stock company "Siberian Windows": registered by the decision of the Registration Chamber of the Administration of Novosibirsk.

Form of ownership - private. Main activity

Construction activity.

Authorized fund - 55 thousand rubles.

The founders of CJSC Siberian Windows are legal entities and individuals.

2.2. Investment intent

Investment objects and sources of financial resources. To accommodate a workshop for the production of metal-plastic enclosing structures, CJSC Siberian Windows has leased production facilities on the territory of NAPO (within the city limits). The building is brick, with an area of 500 sq. m., with outbuildings, equipped with all communications necessary for production: water supply; sewerage; ventilation; heating from the boiler room; power supply. There are driveways.

Technological equipment necessary for the production of metal-plastic building envelopes is fully supplied from Germany in compliance with a single technology. The supplier is SCHUCO International. Most of it has already been installed and will be put into operation by April. With the purchase of additional equipment for the production of double-glazed windows , The work of the workshop will be organized according to the principle of a through technological process, which will provide significant savings in internal production costs (15-20%) and significantly increase the profitability of production (up to 62%).

To implement the investment program of CJSC Siberian Windows in connection with this project, additional funds in 2000 in the amount of 2.1 billion rubles will be required, which, given the level of profitability of the company in the base year 1999, will require additional credit resources in the amount of at least 700 million rubles (see table 2.1).

Table 2.1 Objects and directions of investments, thousand rubles

Investment directions	Mastered to date	Sources of funds		Amount of investments, thousand rubles
Own	Borrowed
1. Rent of industrial premises	108000	-	-	108000
2. Purchase of equipment:
- the main equipment of the workshop for the production of metal structures	444000	-	444000
- line for the production of double-glazed windows	-	434104	700000	1134104
3. Purchase of vehicles:
- 2 cars "Gazelle"	-	78000	-	78000
4. Purchase of consumables for 1 month. work	259000	50400	-	309400
5. Pre-production repair of the premises	19000	-	-	19000
RESULTS	830000	562504	700000	2092504
percentage	40	27	33	100
Of the total investment: fixed assets - 1.656.104 thousand rubles. (79%)

The cost of creating one job is 9.599 thousand rubles. (of which 3.211 thousand rubles - at the expense of the Employment Center). The number of jobs created -218.

2.3. Characteristics of products and services

Metal-plastic enclosing building structures are one of the relative novelties of the Novosibirsk market, which immediately gained great popularity among businessmen and the most affluent population of the city.

Products planned for release by CJSC Siberian Windows in connection with this project include all types of metal-plastic enclosing structures manufactured and assembled to order.

Product range: window and door frames, stained-glass windows, shop windows, office partitions, winter gardens, warm roofs, greenhouses, etc.

For the manufacture of plastic products, ready-made lines in technology or separate professional machines are used. For the production of plastic at home, special technology and molds are used.

Professional Plastic Production: Twin Screw Extruder

Professional equipment for the production of plastic products is a wide range of machines, through which large tubular films, plastic window profiles, plastic pipes, polymer sheets and slates are produced.

The flat-slot device includes the following components:

extruder with filtration system;
pneumatic loaders;
inflation head with cooling device;
mechanism based calibration;
flat laying module;
rods for turning the horizontal direction;
winder;
pulling device.

The basis of the machine is the extruder. All additional components only complement the device. The principle of operation of the device is based on automation, controlled by a given program.

Devices for the production of plastic under pressure

Such equipment for the production of plastic products involves pouring the finished mass into special molds, where it is cooled. The result is a finished product. Most of the plastic elements are produced on such machines. The technology makes it possible to create complex shapes that correspond to the desired dimensions, multi-color parts, hybrid, foam-based, and others. The injection molding machine is designed for the production of various

Such a device is also used as equipment for the production of heat-insulating plastic products.

The design of the machine includes:

module for the preparation of raw materials;
a module that regulates the closing and opening of forms;
drive unit;
automated control unit.

Such a device has a high cost and contains many modern solutions.

Blow molding machines

This equipment for the production of products from thin walls is used for the manufacture of hollow containers. For example, they produce canisters, barrels, bottles up to 5 thousand liters.

The blowing device heats the material and shapes it by blowing. Often, this technique is combined with injection molding in a machine with a combined configuration. In this way, PET containers are made.

Extruded blow molding fixtures

This equipment for the production of plastic products, as well as rubber, performs the synthesis of blowing and extrusion. It can produce a wider range of products than blow molding devices: fuel tanks, bumpers, pallets, seats, barrels, buckets, toys, tomato and milk bottles, cosmetic bottles. All processes are carefully controlled by a microprocessor.

Equipment for the production of plastic and rubber products is divided according to:

from the configuration of the heads;
on the number of posts.

Device package

Equipment for the production of plastic products includes:

Thermoforming units

Such equipment for the production of plastic products is designed to produce products based on a film, the supply of which is carried out in a continuous mode. Material thickness and consistency may vary. With the help of this apparatus, products such as disposable containers, glasses based on paper or plastic are obtained.

The principle of operation of the device

The material is heated up to 140 Cº, the product is blown from the roll. Typically, a film with a thickness of 100 micrometers is used in the manufacture.

By type, such machines are divided into tape, rotary, revolving, single-position and multi-position. Units of revolving and rotary type are used for molding. The process proceeds automatically, manually or on the basis of semi-automatic.

Additional devices

In addition to the main units, in the process of manufacturing their plastic products, devices are used that greatly facilitate the work:

drying devices;
loaders;
mixers;
crushing devices;
conveyors;
flash collection devices.

Mini tools for plastic production

Mini equipment for the production of plastic products is used to obtain a product in small batches. As a rule, single or multiple forms are used. The weight of this device is 15 kg. It fits easily on a sturdy desk. Therefore, such a device was called desktop. Some units come with their own small table.

Models with an electric drive and an automated clamping module are more compact. Such small machines are used to obtain experimental parts for new equipment.

Do-it-yourself semi-finished plastic products

Scrap plastic can be found everywhere. At home, old unnecessary things made of plastic are constantly collected. There are many bottles and packages outside. For those people who like to create something with their own hands, it may be an idea to use all this for the production of plastic products at home, to grind and melt the leftovers.

But it is not recommended for a novice master to resort to such actions, since each has its own characteristics, and the melting temperature for them is different. In addition, usually in factories and plants, parts are cast using specialized installations in which powerful pressure is maintained.

Even if you collect pieces of plastic and subject them to grinding and melting, bubbles will appear. The best advice would be to purchase plastic in liquid form at a building materials store, which will serve to make parts that are in no way inferior in quality to factory ones. Rubber can also serve as a replacement for plastic.

You will also need to purchase:

silicone;
large capacity;
lithol.

If you decide to produce something from plastic, then work in a closed room. Vapors from plastic are toxic.

We make a form

Equipment for the production of plastic products at home includes a master model, the basis of which can be anything.

Suitable for you:

plasticine;
gypsum;
tree;
paper and other materials.

The model of the part to be cast must be coated with lithol or other lubricant. After that, make a shape. Silicone is very popular. Everything is clear here, since working with such material is very simple and convenient.

Important nuances

Silicone is of two types: for pouring and coating.
Each type has its own elongation coefficient and degree of viscosity. As for the first indicator, silicone with an indicator of up to 200% is applicable for the manufacture of plastic.

We pay attention to the viscosity of the material

Pay attention to the viscosity index of the material. The lower it is, the more accurate the shape is.

This point is especially important if you are working with a material such as potting silicone. Also take into account the duration of polymerization. If you use casting silicone, then the master model should be placed in a flask (its base can be steel or bronze), and then poured with silicone.

The coating material is carefully applied with a brush. In this case, all irregularities are taken into account. The silicone must be allowed to cool, after which the master model is removed.

A flask is a container made of metal. It should be slightly larger than the master model.

casting parts

This process is directly dependent on the basis of the production of the part. Polyester-based resins and liquid-consistency plastics are attractive in that they do not melt. Their difference lies in the indicator and lifetime.

Step-by-step instruction

The casting mold is taken and thoroughly cleaned. It should not be wet or dirty. All residual materials left after preliminary work are removed.
If necessary, you can change the color of the composition. For this purpose, a drop of paint is added, but it should not be water-based (paint is incompatible with liquid plastic).
There is no need for degassing. Casting plastic at home from the very beginning provides for the short life of the substance. Bubbles of small products are removed manually after pouring.
All components are thoroughly mixed and poured into the template slowly in a thin stream. The pouring should be continued until the entire volume and some part of the channel for casting is filled with the mixture. After passing the degassing procedure, the volume of material will decrease and become required.
For a high quality plastic model, cool the template gradually. Follow all instructions carefully.

There is a technology that allows you to make thousands of plastic items that are widely used in everyday life. This is vacuum forming.

It is enough to have special equipment (which is also not so difficult to make yourself), thermoplastic sheets - and you can open a private production.

The range of products that the consumer will receive is quite wide:

all kinds of plastic buckets,
basins,
flower pots,
disposable cups,
special boxes for tools
acrylic bathtubs and sinks
original instrument cases,
car body parts and much more.

In the production of plastic products can create.

Why is plastic so much attention in our time?

Probably due to the fact that at the moment it is one of the most inexpensive materials.

In addition, plastic has valuable qualities:

Plastic. Takes various forms quite easily;
Strength. Take, for example, monolithic sheet polycarbonate, which is only slightly inferior to metal in terms of impact resistance;
Does not corrode. An important quality, especially if you make products that are constantly exposed to moisture;
Resistance to aggressive environments;
Lightness of the material. For example, fiberglass has the same optical parameters as glass, but its weight is 2 times less, which allows the use of less expensive support structures;
Possibility of reuse. If wood after its service life is suitable only as a fuel, then plastic can be recycled a large number of times, obtaining various new products.

Products in transparent plastic packaging are confidently leading the market.

Intuitively, a person trusts the ability to visually evaluate a product (especially food products) more than beautiful advertising inscriptions.

Technology for the production of plastic products

All work on obtaining plastic products is performed by a vacuum unit, while the operator performs simple actions and controls the process.

Various sheets of thermoplastics are used as a working material: ABS plastic, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate.

The choice of one polymer or another depends on the purpose of the product.

All these are high-quality materials that can be painted in the future.

The manufacturing process is divided into 3 stages:

Creating a matrix form. It is a model with the exact shape and dimensions of the future product, which will be covered with a polymer heated to a state of plasticity and flexibility. Matrices are made of heat-resistant materials such as fiberglass, various resins, and aluminum. As a rule, composite materials are used for small-scale production, for large volumes - matrices made of aluminum and its alloys;
Form formation. In this step, the rigidly fixed thermoplastic sheet is heated to a temperature where it will be able to stretch. This happens in a special machine, in which the matrix is already installed. At the moment the thermoplastic is ready, the automation is activated, and the sheet is lowered onto the matrix, fitting it. At the same time, a vacuum pump operates continuously, removing air between the matrix and the sheet. Then the sheet is forcibly cooled and the finished form is removed from the apparatus;
Form finalization stage. Includes the removal of excess sheet residues that are not included in the product. All necessary holes are also cut and drilled. In some cases, additional reinforcement is required, as is the case with an acrylic bath.

A step-by-step plan for opening a production of plastic products

Orientation goes to small private business:

Official opening of business. Registration of a business, the choice of taxation depending on taxes, it will be necessary to submit declarations and (it’s easier this way), naturally open the necessary activities;
Market research. The most important stage, even before drawing up a business plan. In metropolitan areas, the issue is more complex due to the high competition. Here it makes sense to work on a grand scale, focusing on deliveries to other cities. In small towns and rural areas, you can make the most ordinary household items for everyday use, and this will already bring profit;
Availability of production facilities. These are production areas and equipment. Both an ordinary garage and a non-residential room in a large house can act as areas. Equipment is more difficult. Initial capital is required to acquire it. But there is an option to make a vacuum installation with your own hands (descriptions are on the Internet). Having worked a little on it, you can save money for a more serious unit;
Continuous improvement of the technical process and possible expansion of the range. It is necessary to constantly study advanced technologies in this area and pay attention to the development of standard manufacturing processes for products. This will help to quickly reorient production to the conditions of the demand market and always be afloat.

Currently, the process of manufacturing products by vacuum forming is a promising investment.

Therefore, it is worth trying to build a business in this area.

How much can you earn

The average cost of any plastic product is about 5-7 dollars per kilogram of product. And the average sales price starts from $10. With a margin for the product from 100%, the business will pay back the initial investment in two years.

How much money do you need to start a business

The amount for launching and setting up production depends on the type of product. For example, for the operation of a business for the manufacture of plastic buckets, about 3 million starting rubles are needed. This amount will include: equipment, materials, premises for production and other expenses. To organize the production of children's plastic toys at the start, 5 million rubles will be needed. The production of disposable tableware will require an initial investment of 8 million rubles.

What equipment to choose for business organization

To equip the workshop for the production of plastic products you will need:

Injection molding machine;
Loader for raw materials;
Molds for products and their accessories;
Refrigeration unit;
Bending machine, units for stripping, gluing;
Offset printing machine, drawing equipment;
Packing line.

Which OKVED to indicate when registering with the tax

To register with the tax authorities, you will need code 22.29, which is responsible for the production of other plastic products, for example, plastic buckets. For the production of plastic toys for children, code 32.40 is required.

What documents are needed to open a case

To organize a mini-enterprise, it will be enough to open an individual business. You will need: a passport, an application for state registration, a receipt for payment of state duty, a copy of the TIN certificate.

Which taxation system to choose for work

A simplified tax payment system (simplified) is quite suitable for doing such a business. The USNO tax is set at 6% if it is levied on profits, or 15%? from gross income.

Do I need permission to open

Production from plastic is harmful, so the organization of the work cycle and the premises will require compliance with sanitary, environmental and fire standards. Products must also have certificates and sanitary and epidemiological conclusions, especially if we are talking about dishes or toys. Production is recommended to obtain certification in accordance with GOST R ISO 9001 “Quality management systems. Requirements". Accordingly, the raw materials must also be safe and acceptable for the manufacture of certain products.

One of the priority areas for business development in Russia at present is the production of plastic products, in particular, children's toys. The capacity of the Russian market in this segment tends to increase by 15-20% annually.

But an interesting fact is that domestic companies provide the production of plastic products for children in Russia by only 20%, the remaining 80% are equally divided among the countries of Europe and China. Therefore, this niche can be considered promising for domestic entrepreneurs.

Is the game worth the candle?

Everyone knows about the quality of the bulk of goods produced by the Celestial Empire. This negates even such a pleasant advantage of Chinese goods as low cost. This can explain the recent surrender of the country's positions in this area, because earlier it owned 70% of the Russian market of plastic toys. Europe, on the other hand, relies on the production of plastic products of the highest quality, but the prices for such products are appropriate.

Despite the fact that the well-being of the citizens of our country is growing, and they increasingly prefer high-quality, albeit expensive goods, no one is against saving. For these reasons, it makes sense for Russian entrepreneurs to develop this market segment.

Let's look at how much investment the production of plastic products requires. How and where to find raw materials that will provide an ideal price-quality ratio for the final consumer? What is the production technology of plastic toys?

Main competitors

As noted above, the Russian market of plastic toys includes products from European, Chinese and Russian manufacturers. The latter have recently begun a slow but steady capture of a significant share of the domestic market of plastic products.

In Russia, the production of plastics and products from it is concentrated in the hands of two titans - the Nordplast and Stellar companies. The Belarusian company Polesye also shares dominance in this niche with them. Their market share is more than 70% of all domestic goods. The remaining 30% is shared by 60 small and medium enterprises in Russia.

But Russian-made toys are mainly represented by uncomplicated, simple and inexpensive sandbox sets, buckets, spatulas and children's utensils. But large-sized toys, which are in great demand among kindergartens, entertainment complexes and game centers, are not produced by domestic manufacturers.

The main producers of large format toys are European countries, but they cannot compete with Russian manufacturers. The thing is that the possible benefits from the sale of large-sized plastic toys in Russia cover the unreasonably high costs of their transportation. The export of large plastic to our country is simply unprofitable for European enterprises. This means that the niche is practically empty, and the production of plastic with its subsequent transformation into a finished product is a very profitable business.

Necessary equipment

The only factor hindering the development of the market of domestic plastic toys is a considerable investment in starting a business. The main costs relate to equipment: injection molding machines, various molds for casting, automated cooling lines, equipment for artistic drawing, stripping lines, for gluing, for packaging finished products, etc. Suppliers of this equipment can be found in our country, but preference is still worth the product of manufacturers from Austria, Germany, Taiwan or China.

Foreign equipment in this segment is much superior in quality to domestic, although it is more expensive. A complete set of production facilities will cost the entrepreneur approximately 3 million rubles. About 1 million will need to be spent on raw materials and decorative items. In addition, the cost of renting or acquiring premises for organizing the production process and storing finished products should be taken into account.

In any case, the workshop area must exceed 50 square meters. And it must be located, according to Russian law, at a distance of at least one hundred meters from residential areas. It is optimal to place the workshop and warehouses on the outskirts of the city or in the industrial zone.

Raw material

Plastic for children's toys must be of the highest quality, as regulatory authorities impose increased requirements on products for the smallest. Yes, and the conscience of the manufacturer will be clear, and the flow of customers will become endless if the products are of high quality and certified.

To sell plastic toys, an enterprise needs to obtain a sanitary and epidemiological conclusion from the relevant authorities and a certificate that the products are manufactured in accordance with GOST R ISO 9001. Polypropylene, polystyrene and polyethylene are mainly used in the production of plastic toys.

At one of the largest enterprises in Russia, Nordplast, 80% of toys are made from environmentally friendly polypropylene, and 20% from polystyrene and polyethylene. Raw materials can be bought both on the Russian market and abroad. But foreign-made plastic products will initially have a high cost, since the prices for imported polypropylene are much higher than for domestic ones.

Technology

The fact that European enterprises, which Russians have recently given preference to when choosing toys, are moving their production facilities to China, giving odds to Russian manufacturers and saving on the transportation of products.

With regard to technology, plastic products can be made by casting or blowing molten raw materials into special molds. We have already considered the topic of equipment quality - it is more expedient when choosing it to give preference to foreign manufacturers, since the final result of the production process, as well as the possible service life, directly depend on this.

Models of molds for making toys are modeled using special computer programs. Then the designer checks the specified parameters and sends the layout to production. The finished mold may have the form of a special surface or cavity, or be a set of standardized parts.

When all the necessary molds are ready, the equipment has been purchased and installed, the raw materials will be available, mock-ups of toys have been developed, and you can proceed to the direct manufacture of products.

A simplified production technology is as follows: the raw material, getting into the screw machine, is crushed, then heated and poured into a mold.

There is another technology based not on casting, but on blowing plastic into a mold. Such a mold consists of a single platform in contact with the surface of the molten raw material. This method of production significantly saves materials, and therefore is less expensive.

Do you need a design department

Most domestic manufacturers focus on the production of inexpensive and simple toys - cars, sandbox sets, dishes. Not a single plastic toy company takes on the production of more interesting models - interactive and large-sized toys.

But the demand in our country is obvious - game slides, attractions, playgrounds would like to be installed by individual individuals at home, and state educational institutions, and preschool institutions.

Unfortunately, the lack of free investment does not allow most Russian enterprises to maintain their own design department to develop new models of toys. But plastic is a material from which almost anything can be made, which means that the design department in a company that has decided to take a significant share of the plastic toys market in Russia is simply necessary. Therefore, another 1 million rubles can be added to the business plan for the production of plastic products for the development and development of new models, layouts and designs.

conclusions

The plastic toys market in Russia is represented by a small number of domestic, European and Chinese manufacturers. Russian enterprises are limited to the production of simple inexpensive plastic toys, Chinese companies focus on the extremely low cost of products, saving on quality.

European manufacturers, on the contrary, provide the buyer with high-quality expensive toys, but not everyone can afford to buy them. Consequently, the place of a manufacturer of good and at the same time inexpensive plastic toys on the Russian market is free. In order to start such a business, you need to invest about 5 million rubles. The payback period will be approximately 1.5-2 years.

Demand, for example, for expanded polystyrene boards in Russia will only increase in the coming years, hence the conclusion that the organization of such production is a very promising business. But not only on plates you can make good money, you can also produce a lot of things from foamed polymers.

The profitability of the production of goods from foamed polymers will be from 3 to 30%, its degree depends, first of all, on what kind of product will be produced. A huge role belongs to start-up capital. To organize a highly profitable production, you will need about 100-150 thousand USD. This amount will be sufficient to organize the production of thermal insulation products. But you can get by with less significant means.

What is the best thing to do

It is best to start manufacturing all kinds of pipes, sheets and panels, cups, containers, various types of packaging. The market is especially in demand for plastic pallets, which serve as containers for packing chicken carcasses and various products from it. The sale of the intended products should be considered not after, but before the creation of such a production.

Premises and permissions

Any room is suitable for accommodating production facilities, as long as the ceilings do not leak. There are no hard requirements. An exception will be the production, where the foaming process will be carried out using explosive pentane. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to be guided by the general requirements for this type of activity and fire safety rules. It is advisable to find premises for such production far from the “sleeping” areas, and focus on searching somewhere in the industrial zone or on the outskirts of the city. The area for technological lines will need from 40 to 200 sq.m. Additionally, a warehouse is needed, finished products will weigh little, and take up a lot of space. Polymers in granules should be stored in a dry and, if possible, heated room, because quality is paramount. Naturally, many issues will need to be resolved with various authorities "giving the go-ahead for opening", from local executive authorities to the sanitary and epidemiological station, fire inspection, etc. The speed of "decision-making" will largely depend on the skill of the businessman.

Equipment

Equipment can be found in various qualities. Now, at many domestic enterprises, entire workshops are equipped with "silent" equipment, which can be bought for "good" money and, after proper modernization, brought into working condition. Although, if you are ready to invest, it is better to buy something newer.

Staff

It will take from 2 to 10 people to work. You can hire them for relatively little money, it can be $200-250 per month in the city, maybe even less. It is better for a technologist not to be stingy, such a specialist costs $400-500 and this is not the limit for a good professional.

Raw material

Prices for polymers in granules do not differ in stability. On average, granulated polyethylene costs about $1,000 per 1 ton, polypropylene in granules is about 15 percent cheaper. Do not forget about the modifying additives that are introduced into the original composition in the amount of 0.5-2% of the total volume. The cost of a kilogram of any such mixtures is about $5-6.

With the appropriate technology, the right personnel policy and a successful development of production, your production of plastic products will soon become profitable.

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